以教师整合性知识框架优化师范生培养改革

The Training Reform of Normal Students Based on TPACK Knowledge Framework

整合技术的学科教学知识是当代教师必备的整合性知识框架,在教育信息化2.0时代,其内涵和组成发生了深刻变化。教育信息化从1.0到2.0的变化,包括信息技术从“简单应用”向“智慧应用”转变,教学方法从“技术导向”向“学习导向”转变,学科内容从“单学科学习”向“跨学科学习”转变,教育评价从“基于经验”向“基于数据”转变。信息化2.0时代教师整合技术的学科教学知识分为三个层次,即一维知识:技术知识、学科内容知识、教学法知识;二维知识:学科教学法知识、整合技术的教学法知识、整合技术的学科内容知识;三维知识:整合技术的学科教学法知识。该知识框架对师范生培养改革的启示是:重新定位师范生培养目标;优化课程设置,完善教师教育类课程;创新师范生培养方式;改革师范生评价方式。

TPACK knowledge is a necessary integrated knowledge framework for contemporary teachers.In the era of educational informatization 2.0,the connotation and composition of TPACK knowledge have under⁃gone profound changes.This paper studies and analyzes the changes of educational informatization from 1.0 to 2.0,including the transformation of information technology from“simple application”to“intelligent applica⁃tion”,the transformation of teaching methods from“technology orientation”to“learning orientation”,the trans⁃formation of subject content from“single subject learning”to“interdisciplinary learning”,educational evalua⁃tion has changed from“experience-based”to“data-based”.In the information 2.0 era,teachers'subject teach⁃ing knowledge of integrating technology can be divided into three levels,namely,one-dimensional knowledge:technical knowledge,subject content knowledge,teaching method knowledge;two-dimensional knowledge:sub⁃ject teaching method knowledge,teaching method knowledge of integrated technology,subject content knowl⁃edge of integrated technology;three dimensional knowledge:subject teaching method knowledge integrating technology.The enlightenment of this knowledge framework to the reform of normal students'training is:reposi⁃tioning the training goal of normal students,optimizing the curriculum,improving teacher education courses,in⁃novating the training methods of normal students,and reforming the evaluation method of normal students.