基于区块链的电子证照共享方案研究与实现

Research and Implementation of Electronic License Sharing Scheme Based on Blockchain

近几年,全国各地均已建设电子证照系统并共享证照数据,简化了企业和群众办事流程.然而,一些风险隐患也日益显现.电子证照存储在数据中心服务器中,当受到攻击时,将导致数据被篡改或删除.若电子证照管理人员操作不规范则会导致存证追溯和审计监督困难.在电子证照验证场景中持证者的隐私信息被过度暴露,存在恶意泄露的风险.将区块链技术与电子证照相结合,借助区块链去中心化同步记账技术,可通过任意部门提供电子证照证明服务;基于区块链可追溯、不可篡改、透明公开的特性,能解决电子证照信息、操作记录安全存储、可信共享、存证追溯的问题;基于智能合约和零知识证明的特点,可以保障个人及企业证照隐私得到有效保护.

In recent years, all provinces have built electronic license systems and shared license data, simplifying the business process. However, some risks are also emerging. Electronic certificates are stored in the centralized servers. When attacked, electronic certificates can be tampered with. If the operation is not standardized, it will lead to difficulties in tracing the certificate and auditing supervision. In the verification scenario, the privacy of the certificate holder is overexposed. This paper combines blockchain technology with electronic license. With the help of decentralized synchronous accounting technology of blockchain, certification services can be provided by any functional department. Based on the traceable, tamper-proof, transparent and open characteristics of blockchain, it can solve the problems of safe storage of license and operation, credible sharing, and certificate traceability. Based on smart contract and zero-knowledge proof, the privacy of individual and enterprise electronic certificates can be effectively protected.