我国卫生人力资源的空间差异及分布动态演进——基于Dagum基尼系数分解与Kernel密度估计的实证研究

Spatial differences and dynamic evolution of distribution of human resources for health in China:An empirical study based on Dagum Gini Coefficient Decomposition and Kernel Density Estimation

目的:探索卫生人力资源的空间差异,研究卫生人力资源配置水平的分布动态演进。方法:提取2011—2020我国31个省级行政区的卫生人力资源数据,应用Dagum基尼系数及核密度估计方法分析我国卫生人力资源的空间差异及分布动态演进过程。结果:2011—2020我国卫生人力资源配置水平存在一定差距,差距总体呈缩小趋势。东部地区卫生人力资源增长速度较慢、配置水平高,但差距大;中部地区增长速度慢、配置水平低、差距小;西部地区增长速度快、配置水平低、差距小;东部和中部地区间差距最大,中部和西部地区间差距最小;总体地区差距在大多数年份主要由地区间差距引起。结论:我国卫生人力资源的配置需重视地区差距,本研究为卫生人力资源配置政策提供了一定参考。

Objective:To explore spatial differences of human resources for health and study the dynamic evolution of its allocation.Methods:Analyze spatial differences and dynamic evolution of distribution of human resources for health in China with Dagum Gini coefficient and kernel density estimation method,based on data of human resources for health in 31 provincial administrative regions in China from 2011 to 2020.Results:There is misbalance in distribution of human resources for health in China between 2011and 2020,but the gap is generally narrowing.Growth rate of human resources for health in the eastern region is comparatively slow with a high yet severe misbalanced level of allocation;the growth rate in the middle region is slow with a low allocation level and not much difference;while the western region shows a high growth rate,it has a low allocation level and small difference in the region.In general,the biggest difference lies between eastern and middle areas,and the smallest between the middle and western areas.In most years studies,differences are caused mainly by regional differences.Conclusion:Regional disparity needs to be taken seriously when it comes to the allocation of human resources for health in China.This study provides some reference for relevant policy making.