功能主义视域下新媒体法治传播的内容构成、困境及优化

Content Composition, Predicament and Optimization of New Media Rule of Law Communication From the Perspective of Functionalism

随着信息技术的发展,新媒体作为新兴传播形态,因其用户规模庞大,是实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要支持,也是法治传播的核心主体之一。新媒体法治传播具有传播属性和法律属性,其主要的特征为传播主体多元化、信息体量爆炸式发展、传播方式呈现交互性、信息的价值多元以及传播内容碎片化。卢曼的“功能—结构主义”作为社会理论,可用于研究新媒体在法治领域的传播功能。新媒体法治传播功能的内容构成可分为政治功能、法律功能与社会功能。其法治传播功能发挥具有一定限制,原因是面临着规制不足、主体泛化、伦理失范的现实困境。对此,通过新媒体治理法治化、建设“价值—技术”多元依法治理制度体系、完善新媒体从业人员自律机制三条进路可以实现新媒体法治传播的功能优化。

With the development of information technology,new media,as an emerging media form,has a sharp increase in the number of users.It is not only an important support for the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity,but also one of the core subjects of rule of law communication.The new media rule of law communication has communication attributes and legal attributes,and its main characteristics are the diversification of communication subjects,the explosive development of information volume,the interactivity of communication methods,the diversity of information values,and the fragmentation of communication content.As a social theory,Luhmann's function structuralism can be used to research the communication function of new media in the field of rule of law.The content composition of the function of new media rule of law communication can be divided into political function,legal function and social function.Its function of rule of law communication has certain limitations,because it is facing the practical predicament of insufficient regulation,subject generalization and ethical anomie.In this regard,the optimization of the rule of law communication function of new media can be realized through the three approaches of legalization of new media governance,building a"value-technology"diversified legal governance system and improving the self-discipline mechanism of new media practitioners.