我国三大经济圈海洋经济空间差异研究

Spatial Differences of Marine Economy in Three Economic Zones of China

基于2001-2016年海洋统计数据,采用区位熵、产业集中度指数和比例性偏离份额模型分析海洋产业结构演进对海洋经空间差异的影响。结果表明:从海洋产业区位熵来看,海洋产业区位熵总体上呈现出非均衡发展态势,海洋一、二产业区位熵呈现南北部高东部低演化为由北向南的梯度递减格局,海洋三产呈现东部高两侧低的梯度递减格局。从海洋产业集中度指数来看,海洋产业集中度指数总体呈现上升趋势,说明区域海洋产业差异仍在加大,且总体向海洋第三产业集中。从比例性偏离份额来看,海洋经济区域差异受结构和竞争偏离影响较大,北部海洋经济圈海洋产业结构优势高于东部和南部海洋经济圈,特别是海洋三产结构优势对海洋经济增长贡献较大,而北部和东部海洋经济圈竞争优势高于南部海洋经济圈,尤其是海洋一、三产增速较快。从演变类型来看,北部海洋经济圈为竞争减弱结构优化型,东部和南部海洋经济圈为竞争增强结构衰退型。

Based on the marine statistical data from 2001 to 2016,the paper takes the location entropy,industry concentration index and proportionality shift-share model to analyze the impact of marine industrial structure evolution on the spatial difference of marine economy.The results show that,from the perspective of the location entropy of the marine industry,the location entropy of the marine industry generally presents an unbalanced development trend.The location entropy of marine primary and secondary industries presents a the high of north and south and the low of east evolved into the gradient decreasing pattern from north to south however,marine tertiary industry presents a gradient decreasing pattern of high in the east and low on both sides.From the perspective of the marine industry concentration index,the marine industry concentration index shows an overall upward trend,indicating that regional differences in marine industry are still increasing,and the overall concentration is toward the marine tertiary industry.From the perspective of the proportionality shift-share,the regional differences of marine economy are greatly affected by structural and competitive deviations.The advantages of the marine industrial structure of the northern marine economic circle are higher than those of the eastern and southern marine economic circles.In particular,the structural advantages of marine tertiary industry contribute greatly to the growth of marine economy,while the competitive advantages of the northern and eastern marine economic circles are higher than those of the southern marine economic circle,especially the rapid growth of marine primary and tertiary industries.From the perspective of evolution type,the northern marine economic circle is of structural optimization type with weakened competition,while the eastern and southern marine economic circles are of structural recession type with enhanced competition.