“基础工业工程”课程中人机作业闲余能力计算的分析改进

Analysis and Improvement of Idle Capacity Calculation of Man-machine Operation in"Basic Industrial Engineering"Course

通过对现有教材中的人机作业闲余能力计算公式进行深入研究,发现现有公式求得的机器数量在机器加工有效时间是作业者操作时间整数倍时,将导致两种不合理结果,进而对计算公式进行改进。提出以机器的准备时间和加工时间为一个生产周程时间来计算,将机器的空闲时间分为作业者为其准备加工必要等待时间和非必要等待时间。改进后的公式计算得到的机器数量更符合实际生产情况,同时考虑了人的因素,体现了“以人为本”的思想。

In this paper,through an in-depth look into the calculation formula of the idle capacity of man-machine operation in existing textbooks,we found that the existing formula would lead to two unreasonable results of machine number when the effective machine processing time is an integer multiple of the operator working time.As a result,we improved on the calculation formula,and proposed that the machine preparation time and machine processing time be seen as constituting one production cycle and the machine idle time be divided into necessary processing waiting time and unnecessary down time.Finally,we showed that the improved formula would yield a machine number more in line with the actual production situation,and at the same time,take into account the human factors,reflecting the"peopleoriented"thinking.