生育机会成本与生育动机的内在逻辑

The Internal Logic of Fertility Opportunity Cost and Fertility Motivation

在“家庭—工作”的双重挤压下,我国育龄人群生育意愿和生育行为背离的现象凸显,厘清目前生育机会成本和生育动机的内在逻辑尤为重要。在“需要—动机—行为”模式下,运用马斯洛的需求和动机理论,分析生育动机的生成与实现中生育机会成本的作用逻辑,明晰生育机会成本对生育需要、生育动机和生育行为的演化的阻滞影响。在此基础上得出一定的启示,即在适合中国国情的生育政策和生育观念下,增强育龄人口的生育动力和生育环境的包容性。

Under the double pressure of family and work,the contradiction between fertility desire and fertility behavior of people of childbearing age in China is prominent.It is particularly important to clarify the internal logic of fertility opportunity cost and fertility motivation.In the mode of“need-motion-behavior”,this paper analyzes the function logic of reproductive opportunity cost in the generation and realization of reproductive motivation by using Maslow’s theory of demand and motivation,and makes clear the blocking influence of reproductive opportunity cost on the evolution of reproductive need,reproductive motivation and reproductive behavior.On this basis,we can draw some enlightenment,in the context of fertility policies and concepts that suit China’s national conditions,we should enhance the fertility motivation of the population of childbearing age and the inclusiveness of the fertility environment.