瘦素对骨关节炎效应细胞的调控作用

Modulatory effect of leptin on the effector cells of osteoarthritis

背景:瘦素是由脂肪组织合成的一种多效性脂肪因子和肽激素,最初被认为主要发挥食欲调节和能量平衡的作用。深入研究后发现,瘦素还具有参与调控慢性炎症和肌肉骨骼系统疾病的作用。目的:就瘦素和瘦素受体的概念、目前瘦素对骨关节炎中软骨、软骨下骨和滑膜上主要效应细胞的调控作用等方面进行综述。方法:结合英文检索词(leptin、Obese Protein、Obese Gene Product、Gene Product,Obese、Ob Gene Product、Gene Product,Ob、Ob Protein、Osteoarthritis、OA、Osteoarthritides、Osteoarthrosis、Osteoarthroses、Arthritis,Degenerative、Arthritides,Degenerative、Degenerative Arthritides、Degenerative Arthritis、Arthrosis、Arthroses、Osteoarthrosis Deformans)和中文检索词(瘦素、LP、Ob蛋白质、肥胖蛋白质、骨关节炎、OA、退行性骨关节炎、骨关节病、变形骨关节炎),检索PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI(中国知网)、cqVIP(维普资讯网)、万方全文数据库,搜索关于瘦素对骨关节炎主要组织中效应细胞的影响相关领域的文章,进行总结和综述。结果与结论:①瘦素对骨关节中主要组织效应细胞起到调控作用,影响骨关节炎的发生发展。②瘦素对软骨中的细胞外基质主要起到分解作用,对软骨细胞发挥促炎、抑制自噬、诱导衰老、诱导凋亡、双相调节增殖的作用。③瘦素诱导成骨细胞增殖与分化、抑制破骨细胞活性与增殖,影响软骨下骨骨重塑,导致骨赘的形成。④瘦素对滑膜巨噬细胞与成纤维细胞的调控主要在于介导骨关节炎炎症反应。⑤瘦素未来有望成为骨关节炎预后生物标记物及治疗的潜在靶点。

BACKGROUND:Leptin is a multipotent adipose factor and peptide hormone synthesized by adipose tissue,which was initially thought to play a major role in appetite regulation and energy balance.In-depth studies have revealed that leptin also plays a role in regulating chronic inflammation and musculoskeletal system diseases.OBJECTIVE:To review the concepts of leptin and leptin receptor and the regulation of leptin on the main effector cells in cartilage,subchondral bone and synovium in osteoarthritis.METHODS:By combining English search terms(Leptin,Obese Protein,Obese Gene Product,Gene Product,Obese,Ob Gene Product,Gene Product,Ob,Ob Protein,Osteoarthritis,OA,Osteoarthritides,Osteoarthrosis,Osteoarthroses,Arthritis,Degenerative,Arthritides,Degenerative,Degenerative Arthritides,Degenerative Arthritis,Arthrosis,Arthroses,Osteoarthrosis Deformans)and Chinese search terms(leptin,LP,Ob protein,obesity protein,osteoarthritis,OA,degenerative osteoarthritis,osteoarthropathy,osteoarthritis),PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,cqVIP,and WanFang full-text database were searched for related articles about the effect of leptin on effector cells in the main tissues of osteoarthritis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Leptin plays a regulatory role in the main tissue effector cells in bone joints and affects the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis.Leptin mainly decomposes the extracellular matrix in the cartilage,and promotes inflammation,inhibits autophagy,induces aging and apoptosis,and biphasically regulates the proliferation of chondrocytes.Leptin induces the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts,inhibits the activity and proliferation of osteoclasts,affects the remodeling of subchondral bone,and leads to the formation of osteophytes.Leptin regulates synovial macrophages and fibroblasts mainly by mediating inflammatory response in osteoarthritis.Leptin is expected to be a prognostic biomarker and a potential target for the treatment of osteoarthritis in the future.