元宇宙背景下虚拟现实生成物的性质认定及权利归属

The Property Identification and Right Ownership of Virtual Reality Products under the Background of Metaverse

虚拟现实生成物作为元宇宙时代的新型表达,为人们提供了从界面到空间的动态视景体验,也对现有版权制度提出了新的挑战。兼具沉浸性、交互性、构想性的虚拟现实生成物,在作品认定、类型界分和权利归属上存在理论争议。为更好的界定其保护框架,有必要依据作品构成要件等相关规定,明确虚拟现实生成物的作品属性,确定其应为视听作品,适用“意定为原则、法定为补充”的归属规则,以期释放产业活力,助推数字经济。

As a new expression of Metaverse,VR(virtual reality)product not only provides people with dynamic visual experience from interface to space,but also poses new challenges to the existing copyright system.The VR product,which is immersive,interactive and imaginative,has theoretical disputes on the identification of works,the distinction of types and the ownership of rights.In order to better define its protection framework,it is necessary to clarify the work attributes of VR products according to the relevant provisions such as the constitutive elements of works,determine that they should be audiovisual works,and apply the copyright ownership rules of"intention as principle and statutory as supplement"so as to release industrial vitality and boost the digital economy.