从全球风险社会到人类安全共同体:理论进阶分析

From World Risk Society to Community of Human Security: Analysis on Theoretical Advance

全球性风险和安全问题是当前人类面临的重大挑战。全球风险社会理论通过对现代性的反思与批判,阐述了现代社会的风险特征,以及在现代风险挑战下传统制度的解构和风险治理机制的瓦解,并探寻由自反性现代化向世界主义迈进的路径,以应对这些风险和挑战。文章剖析了现代风险社会理论的要点,提出了该理论应对全球风险存在的局限性,认为我国提出的总体国家安全观当中有关人类安全共同体的论述,坚持马克思主义阶级分析方法,倡导以人类整体利益为导向,以发展为基础,以共商共建为原则、互利共赢为目标,实现了对现代风险社会理论的超越,为人类社会迈向人类命运共同体提供了一条切实可行的路径。

Global risks and global security issues are major challenges the global community is now facing at present.Based on the examination and criticism of modernity, the global risk society theory elaborates on the characteristics of the risk for modern society, as well as the decomposition of traditional institutions and the collapse of risk governance mechanisms under the challenges of modern risk. In addition, the theory explores the path from self-reflexive modernization to cosmopolitanism in order to cope with the risks and challenges. This paper analyzes the main points of the modern risk society theory and identifies the limitations of the theory in dealing with global risks. We propose that the security community theory adheres to hierarchy,advocates the overall interests of human beings as the target, development as the basis, and principle of negotiation and mutual benefit as the goal. As such, this paper argues that the security community theory completes the transcendence of the modern risk society theory and provides a practical approach for human society to move toward a community of a shared destiny.