傅乐焕与辽史研究

Fu Lehuan and the Study of Liao History

傅乐焕是20世纪著名历史学家,尤长于辽金史,与冯家昇、陈述并称“辽史三大家”。受堂叔傅斯年等人影响,他重视且擅长史料的搜集、整理与考订,进而提出独到见解。傅乐焕在辽史领域的开创性贡献集中于辽宋关系钩沉和辽代疆域地理。他对宋辽聘使和宋人使辽语录的研究补充、订正了前人的一些缺漏和错误;其四时捺钵研究探讨了辽代二元政治,成为后续研究的基点。这些成果有助于了解辽朝的政治制度、疆域范围以及东北历史地理,极具创新性而享誉一时。尽管治学重心转移导致其辽史研究止步于中华人民共和国成立前,傅乐焕引领后学的开创精神、重视史料价值的治学风格以及爱国敬业的工作热忱,至今仍值得学习借鉴。

Fu Lehuan was a renowned historian in the 20th century, especially well versed in the history of Liao and Jin Dynasties. Feng Jiasheng, Chen Shu and himself were known as the“three masters in the study of Liao history”. Influenced by his uncle Fu Sinian and others, he focused on collecting, sorting and scrutinizing historical materials, and then proposed his own interpretations. Fu Lehuan’s pioneering contributions to the study of Liao history concentrated on the relationship between the Liao and Song Dynasties and the territory of the Liao Dynasty. His study on the written records of Song and Liao envoys, as well as visits to Liao by the people of the Song Dynasty complemented and corrected some shortcomings of previous scholars. His study of Nabo in the fourth period examined the dual politics of the Liao Dynasty, which provided the basis for subsequent research. These achievements were helpful to understand the political system of the Liao Dynasty, the scope of its territory and the wider history and geography of Northeast China.