从内涵和外延的解析看脑机接口的哲学特征

The Philosophical Characteristics of Brain-Computer Interface From the Analysis of Connotation and Extension

从技术哲学的视野看,一种技术是通过专门的结构设计来实现特殊的功能,脑机接口的技术界定可以从这一视野去加以理解,它作为一种特殊的技术人工物,是通过在“脑”与“机”之间的人工联结(结构)来实现其特有的功能:为需要它的相关人群提供人工行动或人工感知。正是围绕这一界定,脑机接口成为一种具有信息技术、智能技术、神经技术、治疗与增强技术等多面相的技术统一体,并体现出心物交互、知行交互和对人多向度延展的哲学特征,由此延伸到它的分类上也可以从哲学价值论和认识论上获得新的解析。这些考察视角为理解脑机接口的内涵和外延拓展了本体论高度和认识论广度的新视野。

From the perspective of technology philosophy, a kind of technology achieves its peculiar function through a specialized structure design, and the technical definition of brain-computer interface(BCI) can be understood from this perspective. As a special technical artifact, it achieves its unique function, through the artificial connection(structure) between the brain and the machine, providing artificial action or artificial perception for those who need it. It is around this function that the BCI becomes a technological unity with multi-faceted phases of information technology, intelligence technology, neurotechnology, therapy and augmentation technology, as well as embodies the philosophical characteristics of mind-object interaction, knowledge-action interaction and multi-directional extension for people, so that this extension to classification can also obtain new analysis from philosophical axiology and epistemology. These perspectives expand new insights into the ontological height and epistemological breadth for understanding the nature of BCI.