强风暴雪环境下汽车座舱非均匀环境热舒适性实验研究

Thermal comfort experimental study of non-uniform vehicle environment in chilly freezing and snowstorm

为研究汽车座舱不对称环境条件下空调热舒适性,提出基于空调假人的乘员热舒适性评价方法。采用大型气候环境风洞搭建低温耦合暴雪环境,基于供热通风与空气调节(HVAC)空调假人开展非均匀、瞬态条件下乘员局部和整体的热感觉及热舒适性研究。结果表明:低温暴雪条件下,汽车座舱内空调吹面吹脚模式最大制热运行60 min后,假人头部和腿部最大温差为10.8℃,局部热舒适性差异较大;HVAC假人身体14个局部舒适性评分都> 0.1(手部除外),整体舒适性评分为0.1,表明手部舒适度会较大影响整体舒适度。该研究结果能够为优化汽车座舱热环境分布的空调风道设计提供理论指导以提高乘员乘坐舒适性。

An evaluation method based on the heating, ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC) automobile air conditioning manikin was proposed to study the thermal comfort of air-conditioning system in asymmetrical vehicle thermal environments. The climate wind tunnel was employed to simulate a chilly freezing and snowstorm atmospheric environment, and based on the HVAC manikin, the local/whole body thermal sensation and comfort in non-uniform and transient vehicle cab was investigated. The results shows that the head temperature is 10.8℃ higher than that of leg after the maximum heating operation of the air conditioner runs for 60 min in face and foot blowing mode. All 14 local comfort values of the manikin are bigger than 0.1 except hands while the overall comfort is 0.1 indicating that the comfort of the segments such as hands will greatly affect the overall comfort in cold condition. The experimental results can provide theoretical guidance for the design of air conditioning duct to optimize the thermal environment distribution in the car cabin to improve the riding comfort of passengers.