桂西地区老年人抑郁状况及其对生命质量的影响分析

Analysis of depression status and its influence on the quality of life of the elderly in western Guangxi

目的分析桂西地区老年人的抑郁状况及其对生命质量的影响,为进一步提高老年人的生命质量提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取桂西地区1946名60岁及以上老年人为研究对象。使用自行设计的一般情况调查问卷、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)、健康状况调查简表(SF-36)进行问卷调查。采用t检验、t′检验、方差分析、χ^(2)检验和多元线性回归进行统计分析。结果桂西地区老年人的抑郁率为16.24%,男性为18.69%,女性为13.75%。不同性别(χ^(2)=8.724)、年龄(χ^(2)=15.205)、婚姻状况(χ^(2)=90.512)、民族(χ^(2)=16.794)、文化程度(χ^(2)=62.761)、锻炼情况(χ^(2)=11.017)、生活区域(χ^(2)=49.205)、居住形式(χ^(2)=83.199)、慢性病患病情况(χ^(2)=49.660)的抑郁检出率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);非抑郁者的生理功能(t′=8.301)、生理职能(t=9.308)、躯体疼痛(t′=9.744)、总体健康(t=11.215)、精力(t=18.552)、社会功能(t′=10.438)、情感职能(t′=7.375)、精神健康(t=17.117)和生命质量总分(t′=15.235)均高于抑郁者(P均<0.001)。多元线性回归分析显示,桂西地区老年人生命质量得分主要受慢性病、抑郁情况、生活区域、年龄、婚姻状况的影响。结论相关部门应重点管理特殊老年群体,从老年人慢性病防治、医疗服务保障、身心健康教育等方面采取相关措施,改善老年人的生命质量。

Objective To analyze the depression status of the elderly in western Guangxi and the influence of depression on their quality of life,so as to provide a basis for further improving the quality of life of the elderly.Methods The multi-stage cluster random sampling method was employed to select a total of 1946 elderly people aged 60 years and above in western Guangxi.The questionnaire survey was conducted using a self-designed general information questionnaire,Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15)and MOS 36 item short from health survey(SF-36).T test,t′test,analysis of variance,chi-square test and multiple linear regression were conducted for statistical analysis.Results The depression rate of the elderly in western Guangxi was 16.24%,with 18.69%in males and 13.75%in females.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of depression among the elderly with different gender(χ^(2)=8.724),age(χ^(2)=15.205),marital status(χ^(2)=90.512),ethnics(χ^(2)=16.794),education level(χ^(2)=62.761),exercise status(χ^(2)=11.017),living area(χ^(2)=49.205),the way of living(χ^(2)=83.199)and prevalence of chronic diseases(χ^(2)=49.660)(all P<0.05).Non-depressive older people had higher scores in physical function(t′=8.301),role physical(t=9.308),bodily pain(t′=9.744),general health(t=11.215),vitality(t=18.552),social function(t′=10.438),role emotional(t′=7.375),mental health(t=17.117),and the total score of life quality(t′=15.235)than depressive older people(P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the score of life quality of the elderly in western Guangxi was mainly affected by chronic diseases,depression,living area,age and marital status.Conclusion Relevant departments should focus on the management of special elderly populations,and take effective measures in terms of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,medical service guarantee,physical and mental health education,etc.,to improve the quality of life of the elderly.