昆明——当之无愧的世界春城

KUNMING——A WELL-DESERVED SPRING CITY IN THE WHOLE WORLD

为科学认识和评估昆明人居气候环境,根据昆明等地历年气候资料和气候舒适度指标计算值,并与典型代表站作气候对比,分析总结昆明人居环境气候舒适性和康养气候特征。结果表明,昆明气候总体上温润和风舒适,冬春日照充足、温暖宜人;短冬无夏,冬无寒峭,气候舒适期特别长,堪称避暑避寒胜地和世界春城花都。所处海拔显著高于中国东部地区,西南季风带来多云雨,使昆明夏季气温典型偏低。干季日照充足、地处低纬太阳辐射较强,加之空气质量和大气通透性优良,使昆明接受到更多的太阳辐射能,同时北有青藏高原等大地形阻滞冷空气南侵,故昆明冬春偏暖。昆明市及其邻近区域康养气候多样可选,能助力昆明发挥春城气候优势和创建国际大健康名城。

In order to understand and evaluate the climate environment about human settlements in Kunming city, this paper analyzed and summarized the climatic comfort and healthy climate characteristics of human settlements in the city based on the climatic data and climate comfort index of Kunming city and other places over the years, and compared them with the typical representative stations of other regions.The results showed that Kunming city had the climate characteristics such as warm, moderately humid, breezy and comfortable as a whole.There was sufficient sunshine in winter and spring, meaning that warm and pleasant weather played a leading role.The city owned a short winter with no chilliness and without summer, so its climate comfort period being particularly long.It was a veritable summer resort, escapingcold resort and a world-class spring city famous for its flowers.Its altitude was significantly higher than that of the eastern regions in China, meanwhile, the Southwest monsoon brought much cloudy and rainy weather, which made the summer temperature in Kunming city typically lower.In dry season, Kunming city received more solar radiation due to sufficient sunshine, strong solar radiation at its low latitude, and good air quality and atmospheric permeability.Furthermore, there were large landforms such as Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in its north to prevent cold air from invading the south.These factors jointly made Kunming city warmer to a greater degree than major eastern regions of China in winter and spring.Kunming city and its adjacent areas had diverse and optional healthy climates, which could help it play the advantages of the spring city climate and build an international famous city with a wide concept of health.