地热水养殖应用中氡危害防护及检测分析

Radon Hazard Protection and Detection Analysis in Geothermal Aquaculture Application

地热资源的合理利用及开发可以有效减少燃煤等污染,中低温地热资源可用于农业养殖方面,合理利用中低温地热资源可帮助鱼虾越冬、加快生长速度、缩短养殖周期。但地热水中含有氡(^(222)Rn)及其子体,使用地热水养殖时室内^(222)Rn浓度提高,工作人员在高浓度^(222)Rn环境中辐射危害大大提高;水生生物及鱼类可以富集水中天然放射性物质,鱼类在高浓度^(222)Rn中会富集226Ra,人们食用时会增加辐射剂量。文章基于文献调研和陕西省地热水中^(222)Rn浓度测量及地热养殖鱼体中226Ra含量,研究地热水中的辐射问题,计算相关工作人员年均辐射剂量,给予地热水养殖中辐射防护建议。

The rational utilization and development of geothermal resources can effectively reduce the pollution caused by coal combustion. Medium and low temperature geothermal resources can be used for agriculture breeding. Rational utilization of medium and low temperature geothermal resources can help fish and shrimp survive the winter, accelerate their growth rate, and effectively shorten the breeding cycle. However, geothermal water contains radon(^(222)Rn) and radon progeny. When geothermal water is used for breeding, the indoor concentration of ^(222)Rn would increase, which greatly increase the harm of radiation to workers in the environment with high concentration of ^(222)Rn. Aquatic organisms and fish can enrich natural radioactive substances in water. Fish may enrich radium in high concentration ^(222)Rn, which increase the the radiation dose when eating. Based on the literature survey and the measurement data of ^(222)Rn concentration in geothermal water and 226Ra in fish samples in Shaanxi province, this paper studies the radiation problem in geothermal water, and estimates the average annual radiation dose of relevant staff, and puts forward suggestions on the radiation protection in geothermal water aquaculture.