历史书写的表层与内里:高丽末期“金镛之变”发微

Superficial and Profound Historical Writing:Concerning the Truth of“the Jin Yong Incident”

在高丽王朝的恭愍王执政中期,发生了“三元帅事件”和“兴王之变”两个连续的政治事变,它们可以被总称为“金镛之变”。恭愍王是“三元帅事件”与“兴王之变”两个关联事件的主谋,金镛只是执行者。在执行官方交付的书写任务时,受情感与责任心等内在因素的驱使,在歪曲与遮蔽历史真实的同时,也尽可能地保留下一些关于事件真相的线索与信息,这是史臣们使用的主要笔法。为了能够同时完成两种相互矛盾的任务,史臣们采取了以表层书写完成官方任务,以里层书写保存历史真相的方法,两种书写在同一过程中进行,读史者只有剥离表层,深入内里,才能看到历史的真相。

During the middle era of the Gongmin King(恭憨王)Administration in the Goryeo Dynasty,there happened two subsequent political coups,“the three-Marshal incident”and“the Xingwang Temple Incident”,which were combined and termed as“the Jin Yong Incident”.The Gongmin King was the principal conspirator of both incidents while Jin Yong was just the official who instigated them.When historical officials carried out the writing duty assigned by the administration,they managed to keep some historical clues about the truth of the incidents with the influence of their emotions and responsibilities,even though they tried to spin the true historical facts.This was the major methodology which historical officials adopted.In order to carry out the duty with two contradictory jobs,historical officials did the job assigned by the administration by writing superficially while they kept the historical truth by writing profoundly.These two methods were adopted concurrently in the same process of historical writing.The readers could only get to the truth ofhistorybyuncovering the superficial parts and readingbetween lines.