海拔对燃具燃烧性能的影响分析

Influence Analysis of Altitude on Combustion Performance of Domestic Gas Appliances

针对海拔对家用燃气灶和家用燃气快速热水器燃烧性能的影响,分别在昆明市和天津市进行了燃气灶和燃气热水器燃烧性能试验,提出实测热负荷理论偏差、实测热负荷近似理论偏差计算公式。高海拔地区燃具实测热负荷下降,与低海拔地区相比,实测热负荷实际偏差与实测热负荷理论偏差非常接近,二者相对误差的绝对值小于4%。实测热负荷理论偏差主要与试验地点的环境压力、环境温度有关。与低海拔地区相比,高海拔地区试验中,天然气燃具实测热负荷偏差为-10.90%,液化石油气燃具实测热负荷偏差为-10.43%;高海拔地区燃气灶CO体积分数由于试验用锅不同而存在偏高或偏低的现象,燃气热水器CO体积分数均偏高;高海拔地区燃气灶NO_(x)体积分数下降比例均超过50%,燃气热水器NO_(x)体积分数下降比例在50%左右。海拔对燃具实测热负荷、污染物排放量均有较大影响,因此在高海拔地区使用燃具,应充分考虑海拔对燃具燃烧性能的影响。

Aiming at the influence of altitude on the combustion performance of domestic gas stove and domestic gas instantaneous water heater,the combustion performance tests of gas stove and gas water heater are carried out in Kunming and Tianjin respectively,and the calculation formulas of theoretical deviation of measured heat load and approximate theoretical deviation of measured heat load are proposed.The measured heat load of gas appliances in high altitude areas decreases.Compared with low altitude areas,the actual deviation of measured heat load is very close to the theoretical deviation of measured heat load,and the absolute value of their relative error is less than 4%.The theoretical deviation of measured heat load is mainly related to the ambient pressure and temperature of the test site.Compared with low altitude areas,the deviation of measured heat load of natural gas appliances in the high altitude areas is-10.90%,and that of liquefied petroleum gas appliances is-10.43%.The CO volume fraction of gas stoves in high altitude areas is higher or lower due to different test pots,and the CO volume fraction of gas water heater is all higher.The reduction ratio of NO_(x)volume fraction of gas stoves in high altitude areas is more than 50%,and the reduction ratio of NO_(x)volume fraction of gas water heaters is about 50%.Altitude has a great influence on the measured heat load and pollutant emissions of gas appliances.Therefore,when using gas appliances in high altitude areas,the influence of altitude on the combustion performance of gas appliances should be fully considered.