某新冠定点救治医院新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株环境污染调查

Environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a designated COVID-19 treatment hospital

目的评估新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株对病区公共环境及医务人员个人防护用品的污染情况。方法对某新冠定点救治医院病区公共区域、脱卸区域和个人防护用品进行采样,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测新型冠状病毒核酸并报告Ct值,分析个人防护用品新型冠状病毒阳性相关因素。结果共采集病区公共区域环境标本100份,病区公共区域环境新型冠状病毒核酸检测总阳性率为30.00%,脱卸区电梯地面、走廊公共区域地面、脱卸电梯按钮新型冠状病毒核酸检测阳性率最高,分别为60.00%、60.00%、40.00%。一脱区和二脱区新型冠状病毒核酸检出率分别为18.33%、1.67%。48.33%的工作人员个人防护用品检出新型冠状病毒核酸,其中外层鞋套鞋底、外层手套和防护服检出率最高,分别为35.00%、21.67%、8.33%。单因素分析结果显示医生岗位和高风险操作医务人员个人防护用品新型冠状病毒核酸检测阳性率高(均P<0.05)。结论新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株对病区公共环境、一脱区和个人防护用品可造成不同程度污染,做好个人防护和定期环境清洁消毒,可以降低医务人员感染风险。

Objective To evaluate the contamination of public environment and medical staff’s personal protective equipment(PPE)by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.Methods Public area,PPE removal area and PPE of a designated COVID-19 treatment hospital were sampled.Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was adopted to detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid and Ct value was reported.Factors related to positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid results of PPE were analyzed.Results A total of 100 environmental specimens from ward public area were collected and the overall positive rate was 30.00%.Positive rates of elevator floor in PPE removal area(60.00%),corridor public area floor(60.00%),and the elevator button in PPE removal area(40.00%)were the highest.SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection rates in the first-level and second-level PPE removal areas were 18.33%and 1.67%.SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was detected from 48.33%staff’s PPE,35.00%,21.67%and 8.33%of which were detected from soles of outer shoe covers,outer gloves and protective clothing.Univariate analysis showed that PPE of doctors and medical staff performing high-risk manipulation had high positive rate of nucleic acid(all P<0.05).Conclusion Omicron variant contaminated the ward public area,the first-level PPE removal area and PPE to different degrees.Personal protection as well as regular environmental cleaning and disinfection can reduce the infection risk of medical staff.