2019年二连浩特口岸啮齿动物及其携带病原体调查

Investigation of rodents and their pathogens at Erenhot ports in 2019

目的了解二连浩特口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原体的情况,为口岸加强鼠类防控工作提供数据。方法2019年5-6月,在二连浩特口岸采用单公顷24小时夹法和5米夹夜法捕鼠,对捕获的鼠类进行分类鉴定,并检测11种鼠传疾病的核酸。结果2019年5-6月,在二连浩特口岸区域捕获鼠类140只,经鉴定分为2目5科7属8种,长爪沙鼠104只,占捕获鼠类的74.29%,为优势鼠种。工作区仅捕获小家鼠,占总捕获数的1.43%;野外捕获的以长爪沙鼠为优势种,占总捕获数的74.29%,夜行鼠占总捕获数的10.00%。检测的11种病原体中,巴尔通体阳性率40.54%、斑点热立克次体阳性率9.91%和无形体阳性率为6.31%。结论二连浩特口岸鼠类密度较高,有增加鼠疫疫情传播的风险;各类啮齿动物存在不同病原体感染,应加强口岸疫情防控工作。

Objective o understand the situation of rodents and their pathogens at Erenhot port areas,and to provide data for strengthening the prevention and control of rodents at the port areas.Methods From May to June 2019,rodents were captured by 24-hour trappings on a single hectare and 5-meter trappings at Erenhot port.The captured rodents were classified and identified,and nucleic acids of 11 rodent-borne diseases were detected.Results A total of 140 rodents were captured,and were identified to2 orders 5 families7 genera 8species.Ground Squirrel was the Meriones unguiculatus(104,74.29%).Only Mus musculus were captured in the working area,accounting for 1.43%of the total number.Ground Squirrel species in wild capture was the Meriones unguiculatus,accounting for 74.29%,and nocturnal rodents accounted for 10.00%.Among the 11 pathogens detected,the positive rates of Bartonella,Spotted fever group rickettsiαe and Anαplαsmαphαgocytophilum were40.54%,9.91%and 6.31%.Conclusion The rodent density at Erenhot ports is high,which increases the risk of plague transmission.Different kinds of rodents are infected with different pathogens,so epidemic prevention and control work should be strengthened at ports.