食物环境研究的意义、议题与挑战

The Significances, Issues, and Challenges of Food Environment Research

本文从食物环境特别是邻里食物环境对膳食质量的影响入手,探究空间规划介入食物环境研究的必要性,总结食物环境研究领域的三大议题,分别是由于缺少新鲜健康食物造成的食物荒漠,过多高热量低营养食品造成的食品沼泽,以及与食物价格、新鲜度有关的食物海市蜃楼。在此基础上,文章梳理了目前食物环境研究面临的四大挑战与机遇,即跨学科协同探究膳食质量因果链,走出市场理性的误区,明确食物环境优化的空间抓手,以及应对食品产业的自我保护。

The impact of food environment, and especially the impact of neighborhood food environment on diet quality suggest the necessity of intervening food environment research by spatial planning. Three important issues in the field of food environment research are proposed, which are food deserts caused by lack of access to fresh and healthy food, food swamp caused by excessive junk food, and food mirage related to food prices and freshness. Four types of challenges and opportunities confronted by the food environment are proposed too, which are interdisciplinary collaborative research on causal chain between food environment and diet quality, not putting too much faith in the market rationality, identifying spatial strategies to improve food enviomment, and self-protection of the food industry.