身份认同、乡村治理与返贫阻断——基于脱贫村创业减贫实践的多案例研究

Identity,Rural Governance and Stop People from Returning to Poverty:A Multiple Case Studies based on the Practice of Entrepreneurship and Poverty Reduction in Poverty Alleviation Villages

基于身份认同的视角,本文将脱贫村在创业减贫实践中构建新型乡村治理体系和返贫阻断长效机制的过程整合到一个概念框架之中,并将这一构建过程理解为个体和组织(村庄)的身份转变和身份认同过程。本文选取脱贫攻坚中成果突出的四个村庄作为研究案例。运用多案例研究方法提炼归纳出身份认同、乡村治理和返贫阻断的关键要素与主要构念。研究发现:(1)村庄的创业减贫过程实际上是脱贫攻坚过程的有效实现形式,创业减贫嵌入乡村治理体系之中,成为乡村振兴的重要保障;(2)创业减贫的内在逻辑在于各村庄的自适性创新,在政府主导、企业帮扶和新乡贤协调的基础上运用创业减贫工具,不断进行制度厚化和提升乡村治理能力;(3)随着创业减贫的持续推进和乡村治理体系的逐步完善,个体和村庄的身份转变协同并进,朝着身份认同均等化的方向发展。本文的研究进一步丰富拓展了创业减贫和身份认同等理论,并为建立阻断返贫的长效机制和有效推进乡村振兴提供了实践指导。

Based on the perspective of identity,this paper integrates the process of building a new rural governance system and a long-term mechanism for poverty return deterrence in the practice of entrepreneurship and poverty reduction in the villages that have escaped poverty into a conceptual framework,and understands this construction process as the identity of individuals and organizations(village)The process of transformation and identity recognition.This paper selects four villages with outstanding achievements in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization as research cases.Use multiple case study methods to refine and summarize the key elements and main constructs of identity,rural governance,and poverty reduction.The study found that:(1)The process of entrepreneurial poverty reduction in villages is actually an effective form of realization of the process of poverty eradication.Entrepreneurship and poverty reduction are embedded in the rural governance system and become an important guarantee for rural revitalization;(2)The inherent logic of entrepreneurship and poverty reduction lies in various Self-adaptive innovation in the village.On the basis of the government’s leadership,enterprise assistance and the coordination of Xinxiang talents,we use entrepreneurial poverty reduction tools to continuously thicken the system and improve poverty governance capabilities;(3)With the continuous advancement of entrepreneurial poverty reduction and the gradual improvement of the rural governance system,The transformation of the identity of individuals and villages proceeded in concert,and developed in the direction of equalization of identities.The research in this article has further enriched and expanded the theories of entrepreneurship,poverty reduction and identity recognition,and provided practical guidance for establishing a long-term mechanism for preventing poverty return and effectively promoting rural revitalization.