肠杆菌目细菌产耐碳青霉烯酶的基因分型检测方法进展

Advances of detecting methods of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales genotyping

由耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌(carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales,CRE)引起的感染,尤其是血流感染,可导致较高的患者死亡率,给临床治疗带来很大挑战。目前只有数种新型抗生素可用于CRE相关感染,如头孢他啶-阿维巴坦。但头孢他啶-阿维巴坦对产金属β内酰胺酶的CRE没有活性,因此快速、准确地检测CRE菌株的碳青霉烯酶种类,对临床合理选择抗生素至关重要。目前检测肠杆菌目细菌耐碳青霉烯类药物的基因分型的实验方法主要包括表型方法、分子生物学检测方法、质谱方法,各有优缺点,本文对此进行总结。

It has been reported in the literatures that infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE),especially bloodstream infections,can lead to higher patient mortality and bring great challenges to clinical treatment.At present,there are only a few new antibacterial drugs that can be used for the treatment of CRE,such as ceftazidime-avibactam,but ceftazidime-avibactam has no activity on CRE with metalβ-lactamase,so it is very important that the CRE strain be detected quickly and accurately.At present,the detecting methods of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae genotype include phenotypic methods,molecular bioloy,and mass spectrometry.This review summarizes and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.