黄瓒与朝鲜世宗朝的汉音质正

Huang Zan and Chinese Phonological Standardization in the Reign of Sejong

黄瓒是朝鲜语学史上短暂出现过的明朝学者,在朝鲜世宗朝的《洪武正韵译训》等汉朝对译韵书的编撰中发挥过积极的指导作用。鉴于黄瓒的生平在史料记载中散乱难明,其学问造诣以及他在朝鲜语学史上的地位和作用亦存在认知方面的显著差异,有必要依据现存史料对其生平、学问、在朝鲜汉音质正中的地位和作用进行客观的研究。首先,根据《宣德八年进士登科录》《吉水县志》等材料考证了黄瓒的个人履历、三代、乡贯、年龄等家状信息,厘清了其进士登第前的个人情况;其次,从《明实录》和方志等材料,考证了黄瓒科举后的仕途之路和被谪戍边关的生平轨迹,确认了他在山西威远卫和辽东谪戍地的生存状态;最后,通过分析15世纪黄瓒与朝鲜学者的诗文,以及明朝中后期《洪武正韵》系列韵书的编撰情况,对黄瓒的学问造诣进行反向论证,以阐明黄瓒在朝鲜世宗朝汉译韵书编撰事业中的质正作用。

Huang Zan is a scholar of Ming Dynasty who played a positive role in compiling The Translation and Annotation of Official Chinese Phonology in the reigns of Sejong of Korea.It is necessary to conduct an objective research on Huang Zan’s life experience,academic achievements and his position and role in Chinese phonological standardization so as to clarify Huang’s status in the history of Korean linguistics.Firstly,this paper has verified Huang Zan’s biography,lineage,birthplace,age and other family information based on the materials such as The Candidates’Enrollment in the Imperial Examination of the Eighth Year in the Reign of Xuande and Jishui County Chronicles,thus,his complete experience before the enrollment is re-established.Secondly,this paper has verified Huang Zan’s official career after the imperial examination and his life trajectory when he was banished to the frontier and confirmed his living conditions in Weiyuanwei of Shanxi and Liaodong based on History of Ming Dynasty and local chronicles.Finally,through the analysis of the poems and essays by Huang Zan and Korean scholars in the 15thcentury,as well as the compiling of Official Chinese Phonologyin the Reigns of Hongwu,Huang’s academic achievements are argued reversely so that his role in phonological standardization for compiling and translating Chinese phonological works in the reign of Sejong is illustrated.