糠椴全树木材密度和纤维形态的研究

Study on wood density and fiber size of Tilia mandshurica

木材密度和纤维尺寸是造纸的重要参考指标。为了给糠椴全树造纸提供理论依据,以东北地区常见的阔叶树种糠椴(Tiliamandshurica)为对象,对树干、树枝和树根之间的密度、纤维尺寸进行比较。结果表明:糠椴的基本密度、绝干密度和气干密度大小均为树根>树干>树枝,全树的纤维占比达到50%以上。树干平均纤维长度、宽度、壁腔比和长宽比分别为834.13μm、31.05μm、1.04和28.13。树根和树枝的平均纤维长度、宽度、壁腔比、长宽比分别为978.57μm、32.91μm、0.89、30.90和729.26μm、25.47μm、0.72和30.87。对造纸而言,糠椴树干和树根的密度指标优于树枝,树根和树枝的纤维质量优于树干,树根和树枝属于优质纤维原料,树干属于中等纤维原料。

Wood density and fiber size are important reference indexes for papermaking.To provide a theoretical basis for papermaking of Tilia mandshurica,with a common broad-leaved tree species(T.mandshurica)growing in Northeast China as the object,the differences in wood density and fiber size between roots,trunks and branches were compared.The results showed that:the average values of basic density,oven-dried density and air-dried density of roots were the most,followed by the trunks and branches.The fiber proportion of the whole tree was more than 50%.The average values for the trunks,roots and branches were 834.13,978.57,729.26μm of the fiber length,31.05,32.91,25.47μm of the width,1.04,0.89,0.72 of the thickness-diameter ratio and 28.13,30.90,30.87 of the length-width ratio,respectively.For papermaking,the density indexes of T.mandshurica trunks and roots were better than those of the branches,and the fiber quality of roots and branches was better than that of trunks,which indicated that the roots and branches of T.mandshurica belong to the high quality fiber raw material,and the trunks belong to the medium fiber raw materials.