低温无水保活对缢蛏活性氧代谢、糖原及乳酸的影响

Effects of low-temperature waterless preservation on reactive oxygen species metabolism,glycogen and lactic acid of razor clam Sinonovacula constricta

为探究无水保活期间双壳贝类活性氧代谢、糖原及乳酸的变化,以缢蛏(Sinonovaculaconstricta)为试验材料,将缢蛏分别在4℃、10℃和15℃下无水保活,测定其存活率、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性、还原性谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)含量、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量、过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H_(2)O_(2))含量、糖原及乳酸含量。结果显示,保活前3 d各组缢蛏均维持90%以上的存活率;保活7 d后4℃组存活率仍可达到84%,高于10℃组的67%,15℃组存活率最低,仅为52%。在整个无水保活期间,4℃组缢蛏SOD活性、CAT活性以及GSH含量均显著高于同时期其他各组(P<0.05);在保活后期,相较于其他处理组,4℃组缢蛏有着显著最低的MDA含量和H_(2)O_(2)含量(P<0.05);此外,保活1~3 d时10℃组缢蛏体内糖原含量下降幅度仅有3.7%,为各组最低;随着保活时间的延长,各组缢蛏体内的糖原含量持续减少,乳酸含量则不断增加,且同时期4℃组缢蛏比其他各组糖原消耗量更少,乳酸积累的速率也更慢。以上结果表明,在缢蛏短途运输(2 d)时,10℃和15℃能维持缢蛏较高的存活率,是较适宜的保活温度;而4℃在保活后期能有效地诱导了缢蛏机体SOD活性、CAT活性和GSH含量的增加,同时抑制MDA和H_(2)O_(2)的含量,并减缓糖原的消耗和乳酸积累的速率,具有更好的保活效果,更利于缢蛏的长途运输(7 d)。

To investigate the changes of reactive oxygen species metabolism,glycogen and lactic acid in bivalve mollusks during the waterless preservation period,Sinonovacula constricta was kept at 4℃,10℃and 15℃without water,to determine the survival rate,SOD activity,CAT activity,GSH content,MDA content,H_(2)O_(2)content,glycogen content and lactic acid content.The results showed that the survival rate of Sinonovacula constricta maintained above 90%in each groups in the first 3 days;the survival rate of 4℃group could still reach 84%after 7 days of waterless preservation,which was higher than 67%of 10℃,and the lowest survival rate was only 52%at 15℃.In the whole waterless preservation period,the SOD activity,CAT activity and GSH content at 4℃were significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05);compared with other groups,the Sinonovacula constricta at 4℃had the lowest MDA content and H_(2)O_(2)content significantly in the later waterless preservation period(P<0.05);in addition,the glycogen content decreased by only 3.7%at 10℃when Sinonovacula constricta was kept alive for 1-3 days,which was the lowest in each group;with the prolongation of waterless preservation time,the glycogen content in each group of Sinonovacula constricta continued to decrease,while the lactic acid content continued to increase.At the same time,the consumption of glycogen in Sinonovacula constricta at 4℃was less than that of other groups and the accumulation rate of lactic acid was also slower.These results indicated that 10℃and 15℃could maintain the high survival rate of Sinonovacula constricta and were suitable for short-distance transportation(2 days);while 4℃could effectively induce the increase of SOD activity,CAT activity and GSH content of Sinonovacula constricta,inhibit MDA content and H_(2)O_(2)content,slow down the consumption of glycogen and the accumulation rate of lactic acid,which had the better preservation effect and was more appropriate for long-distance transportation(7 days).