羌族妮莎古歌与释比经典的结构原型及功能嬗变考释

A Comparative Study of the Structural Prototypes and Functional Transformations between the Qiangic Nisha Ancient Songs and the Shibi Holy Book

妮莎是羌族数百部的多声部古歌唱词。妮莎的发现,表明羌族巨篇释比经典以外还有一座与之比肩并立的口述语言丰碑。妮莎包举宇宙万物、人间百象,是民众创作与民众唱述的语言巨篇。本文梳理妮莎古歌与释比经典的异同,一一对应检视,问原型模式,追内容功能,诘解谋篇,穷究结构,辨析流变,悟其语言艺术,究其异同,考其演绎,释其审美嬗变等。揭示这两部语言巨篇间的联系奥秘,对于羌族非物质文化遗产价值、意义的研究有重要的启示。

The Nisha ancient songs are the Qiangic polyphonic librettos.Nisha,embracing all the things in the universe and the human world,is a linguistic masterpiece created,chanted and recited by the masses.Nisha’s discovery shows that Nisha as an oral work stands as a milestone with an identical radiant charm to the great Qiangic Shibi Holy Book.This paper endeavors to identify the dissimilarities and similarities between the two landmarks of ancient Qiangic works from their prototype patterns,contents and functions,paragraphing,layouts,evolution,aesthetic change to linguistic art to uncover linking mysteries lying in between.This comparative study is of great enlightening significance to examining and assessing the values and meaning to the Qiangic intangible cultural heritages.