我国苦瓜新品种选育与保护现状分析

Analysis on New Variety Breeding of Bitter Gourd and Its Protection Status Quo in China

通过分析自2013年苦瓜纳入《中华人民共和国农业植物品种保护名录》之后文献报道的60个苦瓜品种,发现苦瓜瓜形以珍珠瓜为主,主要育种目标包括抗性、产量和成熟期,选育方式以杂种优势育种为主。截至2022年8月,我国苦瓜新品种权申请量130件,其中文献报道的60个品种中仅5个申请了新品种权;新品种权授权量30件,繁殖材料提交不及时或不合格是影响授权审查速度的主要原因,通过提前委托DUS测试能大幅缩短授权时间。

This paper analyzed 60 bitter gourd varieties reported by document since 2013,when bitter gourd was listed into the Directory of agricultural plant variety protection of the People’s Republic of China;and discovered its melon shape was mainly of pearl-type.The main breeding objectives included resistance,yield and mature period.And the breeding method was mainly heterosis.Up to August 2022,there were 130 bitter gourd new variety right patent applications,only 5 among the document reported 60 varieties applied for new variety rights.Authorized quantity of new variety right were 30.Late submission of propagating materials or submission of unqualified propagating materials were the main proplems affecting authorized review speed.By commissioning the DUS test ahead of time could greatly reduce the authorization time.