近年来我国高校学科动态调整的特征分析与实践反思

On Dynamic Discipline Adjustment in China in Recent Years:Characteristics and Reflection

通过对2016年以来高校动态调整撤销和增列的学位授权点数据分析,发现我国高校学科动态调整从政府主导学科调整逐渐向政府引导和监督、市场调节、高校结合特色自主调整的趋势转变。高校学科动态调整既深受国家政策影响,也展现出高校学科动态调整以社会经济结构调整和产业转型升级为导向,高校学科动态调整与高校内涵式发展更加紧密、更趋理性和客观,高校学科动态调整逐渐摒弃功利、回归立德树人本质等趋势。这种高校学科调整趋势有利于高校内涵式发展、可持续发展、与市场协调发展,但也存在以“增量”为主以及“存量”调整不足、缺乏科学学科规划和基础数据支撑、忽视交叉学科设置、盲目割裂知识生成性而导致陷入“实用主义”陷阱等问题,这些均需要通过一系列策略予以调整。

Though analyzing the dynamic adjustment data of the degree authorization points since 2016, it is found that the characteristic of the discipline dynamic adjustment of colleges and universities, which is gradually changed from the government leading to government guidance, supervision, market regulation and universities independent adjustment. Based on the data, it can be found that the discipline adjustment in Colleges and universities is deeply affected by national policies, but it shows that some trend, which are discipline adjustment in universities is guided by the adjustment of social and economic structure and industrial transformation and upgrading, discipline adjustment more closely related to the development of universities connotation and tends to be more rational and objective, discipline adjustment gradually abandons utility and returning to the essence of fostering virtue through education. The trend of discipline adjustment is conducive to the connotative development and sustainable development of universities, as well as the coordinated development with market. But there are also some problems, such as pay more attention to “increment” adjustment, insufficient adjustment of “stock”, lack of scientific discipline planning, lack of basic data support, neglect of interdisciplinary setting, separation of knowledge generation blindly into “pragmatism” trap. It needs some strategies to adjust these problems.