共同富裕视角下数字普惠金融对农户收入的影响--来自黄河流域中上游地区的证据

The impacts of digital inclusive finance on rural household income from the perspective of common prosperity:Evidence from the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River basin

发展农村数字普惠金融是助力提高农户收入和改善收入分配的关键,对实现农民农村共同富裕具有重要意义。本文基于共同富裕的视角,利用黄河流域中上游地区6省11县(市、区)农户实地调研数据,运用OLS模型、Probit模型和分位数回归法,分析数字普惠金融对农户减贫增收和收入分配的影响,通过中介效应模型探讨数字普惠金融增收效应的作用机制,并进行了内生性和稳健性检验。结果表明,黄河流域中上游地区数字普惠金融发展水平处于全国各县中等水平之下,并且发展呈现明显地区差异。43.9%的农户处于相对贫困状态,农户收入存在有提升空间。数字普惠金融发展能够促进农户收入增长,减少农户相对贫困的可能性并降低村庄层面相对贫困发生率;数字普惠金融对低收入群体收入促进作用更明显,能够改善农户收入分配问题。数字普惠金融的三个子指标对贫困减缓和收入分配的影响存在差异,并且数字普惠金融在黄河流域中游地区的增收效果更好。此外,县域产业结构高级化在数字普惠金融增收效应中发挥部分中介作用。为此,建议持续推进黄河流域中上游地区数字普惠金融发展,加快县域产业转型升级,进一步加强数字金融教育开展力度,让数字红利更多更公平地惠及弱势群体,促进实现全体人民共同富裕。

The development of digital inclusive finance in rural areas is a key to increasing the income of rural households and improving income distribution,which is vital to achieving common prosperity for farmers in rural areas.Based on a field survey data from 11 counties in six provinces in the Yellow River basin,this paper analyzed the impacts of digital inclusive finance on income generation,poverty alleviation and income distribution of rural households by the OLS model,the Probit model and the quantile regression method.In addition,this paper also explored the impact mechanism of digital inclusive finance on income growth by the mediating effect model,followed by endogenous and robustness tests.Results show that the development level of digital inclusive finance in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River basin is below the medium level of all counties in China,with obvious regional differences.43.9%of rural households are in relative poverty,and household income needs to be further improved.The development of digital inclusive finance can increase rural households’income,reduce the possibility of relative poverty,and lower the incidence of relative poverty in villages.Digital inclusive finance has more effects on the low-income groups and can improve rural households’income distribution.The three indicators of digital inclusive finance have different impacts on poverty alleviation and income distribution.The effect of digital inclusive finance on increasing farmers’income in the middle reaches of the Yellow River basin is even more obvious.In addition,county industrial structure upgrading plays a partial intermediary role in the revenue-raising effect of digital inclusion.Therefore,this paper suggests to continuously promote the development of digital inclusive finance in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River basin and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of county industries.In addition,it is necessary to strengthen the efforts to carry out digital financial education so that digital dividends can benefit disadvantaged groups more fairly and promote the realization of common prosperity for all people.