主体认知、情境约束对农户保护性耕作技术采纳程度的影响

The influences of subject cognition and situational constraint on farmers’adoption intensity of conservation tillage technology

引导农户采纳保护性耕作技术对促进耕地增产增效以及农业可持续发展具有重要意义。基于河南、黑龙江、山东和山西4省439户农户实地调查数据,运用有序Probit模型和调节效应检验方法,分析了主体认知与情景约束对农户保护性耕作技术采纳程度的影响,并进一步检验情境约束的调节效应。结果表明:(1)农户保护性耕作技术采纳程度整体较低,随着技术采纳数量的增加,农户的比重逐渐下降。(2)主体认知和情境约束均显著促进农户保护性耕作技术的采纳程度,这一结论通过了稳健性检验。(3)环境压力强化了生态认知对保护性耕作技术采纳程度的影响;政策支持在技术认知影响农户保护性耕作技术的采纳程度中起正向调节效应,但削弱了生态认知对保护性耕作技术采纳程度的影响。对此提出了要重视农户主体认知能力的提升;强化农业生态环境保护意识,使农户认知“内化于心”,技术采纳“外化于行”;增强政策引导和财政补贴力度,提高农户的政策满意度及政策效果等建议。

It is of great significance to guide farmers to adopt conservation tillage technology for increasing yield,creating efficiency of farmland,and promoting sustainable agricultural development.Based on a field survey data of 439 farmers in Henan,Heilongjiang,Shandong,and Shanxi provinces,this paper analyzed the influences of subject cognition and situational constraint on farmers’adoption intensity of conservation tillage technology by the ordered Probit model and the moderation model and examined the moderating effect of the situational constraint as a regulating variable.Results show that:(1)The adoption intensity of conservation tillage technology by farmers was generally low,and the proportion of farmers gradually decreased with the increase of technology adoption;(2)Both subject cognition and situational constraint significantly promoted the adoption of conservation tillage techniques by farmers,and this conclusion passed the robustness test;and (3)Environmental pressure reinforced the influence of ecological cognition on the intensity of conservation tillage technology adoption and policy support had a positive moderation effect of technology cognition on the adoption intensity of conservation tillage technologies by farmers,but weakened the effect of ecological cognition on the adoption intensity of conservation tillage technologies.Based on the above results,this paper suggests to pay more attention to the improvement of farmers’main cognitive ability,to enhance the awareness of agro-ecological environment protection,to make farmers’cognition“internalized in the mind”as well as technology adoption“externalized in the practice”,to strengthen policy guidance and financial subsidies,and to improve farmers’policy satisfaction and policy effect.