社会资本对农村居民生活垃圾分类的影响研究

The impacts of social capital on the classification of rural domestic waste

农村居民是生活垃圾源头分类的主体,其分类意愿与行为直接关系到生活垃圾分类的成效,关系到美丽乡村建设的成败。基于太湖流域农村居民调研数据,运用Ordered Probit模型和OLS模型,探讨了社会资本对农村居民生活垃圾分类的影响及作用机理。结果表明,当前,太湖地区农村居民的不同维度社会资本得分存在一定差异性,并且在生活垃圾分类方面,88.6%受访居民愿意分类,但仍有部分受访居民表现出“意愿强行为弱”现象。社会网络、社会信任、社会规范等不同维度社会资本对农村居民生活垃圾分类意愿和行为具有不同程度的正向影响。从作用机制来看,社会资本通过提升农村居民的环保认知水平,进而提升其生活垃圾分类意愿和行为。从异质性来看,在不同年龄、学历和收入群体中,各维度社会资本的影响具有一定差异性。因此,本文提出强化农村基层组织网络建设,树立自主分类责任意识,建立群体监督规范体系,多维度、全方位提升社会资本积累,因地制宜地形成生活垃圾分类治理体系等对策建议。

Rural residents are the main participants in household waste classification.Their willingness and behaviors directly affect the efficiency of waste classification management,as well as the success or failure of scenic countryside construction.Based on a survey data of rural residents in the Taihu Lake Basin,this paper analyzed the impacts of social capital on rural residents’domestic waste classification and its mechanism by the Ordered Probit model and the OLS model.Results show that currently,the social capital scores of rural residents in the Taihu Lake Basin vary across different dimensions.In terms of household waste classification,88.6%of the residents surveyed are willing to classify.However,there are still some surveyed residents who are willing to classify without actual behaviors.Social capital of different dimensions,such as social network,social trust,and social norms,positively influences the willingness of rural residents to sort household waste and their related behaviors.In terms of mechanism,social capital has effectively promoted rural residents’willingness and waste sorting behaviors by enhancing their awareness of the classification categories of domestic waste and their corresponding responsibilities.In terms of heterogeneity,the role of social capital in each dimension varies in a group with diverse demographics such as age,educational background,and income.Consequently,to effectively encourage rural residents’participation in domestic waste classification,this paper suggests:to strengthen network construction of rural grass-roots organizations,to establish a sense of responsibility for the household waste classification and a group supervision mechanism,to promote the accumulation of social capital in a muti-dimensional and well-rounded way,and to form a classified treatment system for household waste according to local conditions.