义务教育体育新课标的时代背景与重要变化

Analysis of the Background of the Four Educational Reforms and the Interpretation of the Five Significantly Important Changes of the"Compulsory Education Curriculum standards for Physical Education and Health"

着2022年版《九年义务教育体育与健康课程标准》的颁布,新一轮的体育与健康课程教学改革将在新的起点上开始。新时代背景下的体育与健康课程教学改革必定与以往的课程改革在方向和内容上有所不同,其背后是时代对学校体育工作与体育课程教学改革需要有直接相关的背景,其主要有四个方面:习近平总书记在全教会上的“四个帮助”指示为全面加强与改进学校体育工作指明了方向;党对坚持社会主义育人方向的要求对体育课程树人与课程思政提出了更高目标;国家对“双减”工作的推动给体育课程教学改革与发展提出了新课题;教育部提出的“教会、勤练、常赛”体育教学指导思想成为体育课程教学改革的具体要求和质量标准。《九年义务教育体育与健康课程标准》顺应上述时代背景的要求,进行多方面的改革,而其中的五个变化是突出的,也是具有标志性的,更是以体育课程教学实践问题为导向提出的。它们是:提出体育与健康课程要实现核心素养、强化体能并提出基本运动能力的概念、增设了跨学科主题学习的内容、提出了学业质量标准概念并予以描述、增加了对教学研究与教师培训的新要求,对这些变化的认识是学习、理解、贯彻《九年义务教育体育与健康课程标准》的重点内容。

With the Nine-year Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health(2022 edition)released,a new round of physical education and health curriculum reform will start from a new starting point.In the new era,the teaching reform of physical education and health course must be different from the previous curriculum reform in direction and content.Its background is directly related to The Times'requirement for the school physical education work and the teaching reform of physical education course.There are mainly four aspects:"Four Helps"by secretary-general Xi Jinping indicates that we should comprehensively strengthen and improve the direction of school physical education work in National Education Conference,In the direction of socialist education,the party puts forward higher requirements for the cultivation of people in physical education curriculum and the ideological and political education of curriculum,The promotion of the"Double Reduction"work by the state has put forward new topics for the reform and development of physical education courses.The guiding ideology of physical education of"Teaching,Frequent Practice and Regular Competition"proposed by the Ministry of education has become the specific requirements and quality standards of physical education curriculum teaching reform."Nine-year Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health"complies with the requirements of the times and carries out various reforms,of which five changes are prominent and symbolic,and are put forward under the guidance of physical education curriculum teaching practice.They are:proposing the physical and health curriculum to realize Key Competencies,strengthening physical fitness and putting forward the concept of basic athletic ability,adding the content of interdisciplinary theme learning,putting forward the concept of academic quality standard and describing it,and then adding new requirements for teaching research and teacher training.The understanding of these changes is the key content of learning,understanding,and implementing the"Nine-year Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health".