基于社会生态模型的儿童青少年体力活动干预系统评价

Systematic Review of Physical Activity Intervention for Children and Adolescents based on Social Ecological Model

目的:对基于社会生态模型的儿童青少年体力活动干预研究进行了系统评价。方法:首先将关键词运用布尔运算符组合并检索Webof science、Pubmed、EBSCOhost、Elsevier Science Direct、Wileyonline library、CNKI、万方和VIP数据库,检索截止日期为2020年6月30日;随后对文献进行筛选,纳人文献标准是基于社会生态模型、以儿童青少年为研究对象和体力活动为研究主题的文献,排除标准是重复发表、会议、报刊、综述、学位论文、无法获取全文以及以体力活动受限人员为研究对象的文献;最后对纳人文献进行信息提取和方法学质量评估。结果:经过筛选最终纳人文献20篇,属于15项研究;纳入研究均为基于社会生态模型进行的儿童青少年体力活动干预研究,大部分研究进行了模型应用,但缺乏该理论模型高水平应用研究;80%的纳入研究(n=13)采用以学校为中心或学校、家庭、社区(社会)多系统对儿童青少年体力活动干预,且表现出明显干预效果。结论:基于社会生态模型的干预方案具有明显改善儿童青少年体力活动的作用,但由于方法学的局限性、持续性效果追踪欠缺以及缺乏社会生态模型高层次应用的验证和理论建构等,需要后续开展更多研究以促进社会生态模型在儿童青少年体力活动干预领域的推广和应用。

Objective:A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the studies on physical activity intervention of children and adolescents based on the social ecological model.Methods:Firstly,keywords were combined with Boolean operators and retrieved from Web of science,PubMed,EBSCOhost,Elsevier ScienceDirect,Wiley online library,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases,and the search deadline is June 30,2020;Then,the literature was screened,the inclusion criteria were based on the social ecological model,taking children and adolescents as the research object,and physical activity as the research theme,and the exclusion criteria were repeated statements,conferences,newspapers,reviews,dissertations,unable to obtain the full text,and the literature taking people with limited physical activity as the research object;Finally,information extraction and methodological quality evaluation were carried out for the included literature.Results:20 articles and 15 studies were finally included.The included studies were all intervention studies of children and adolescents based on social ecological models.Most of the studies reported model use,but lack of high-level application research;13 out of 15 studies intervened the children and adolescents'physical activities by school-centered or multiple systems of school,family,and community(society),which showed obvious intervention effects.Conclusion:The intervention program based on the social ecological model can significantly improve the physical activity of children and adolescents;However,due to the limitations of current research methods,the lack of follow-up tracking and theoretical construction of high-level applications of social ecological models,more research is needed to promote the use of social ecological models in the field of children and adolescent physical activity interventions.