基于公平权重的电动汽车充电功率分配策略

Study on strategy of electric vehicle charging power allocation based on fair weight

为满足规模化电动汽车用户多样性的充电需求,提出一种基于公平权重的电动汽车充电功率分配策略.首先,在M/M/C/N排队模型的基础上加入优先级惩罚机制,初步优化用户等待时长和充电功率;其次,针对用户充电时的满意度问题,提出一种基于惩罚因子的用户满意度函数;最后,利用优化的熵权法在满足用户需求的前提下,将用户间的充电公平因子以权重的形式参与到功率分配中,实现对区内可用负荷的公平分配,并运用用户满意度函数对功率分配方法进行评价.仿真算例表明,新用户加入充电方式分配算法和基于公平权重的功率分配策略能进一步优化用户等待时长和充电功率;所提出的用户满意度函数也能有效地评价用户对充电站的态度,有助于各充电站改进服务,进一步优化用户体验.

In order to meet the diverse charging needs of large-scale electric vehicle users, a charging power allocation strategy for electric vehicles based on fair weight is proposed. Firstly, the priority penalty mechanism is added to the M/M/C/N queuing model to preliminarily optimize the user waiting time and charging power. Secondly, aiming at the problem of user satisfaction during charging, a user satisfaction function based on penalty factor is proposed. Finally, using the optimized entropy weight method, on the premise of meeting the needs of users, the charging fairness factor between users is involved in the power distribution in the form of weight to realize the fair distribution of available loads in the area, and the user satisfaction function is used to evaluate the power distribution method. The simulation results show that the adding of the charging mode distribution algorithm and the power distribution strategy based on fair weight can further optimize the waiting time and charging power of the users. The proposed user satisfaction function can also effectively evaluate the user’s attitude towards the charging stations, which is helpful to improve the service of each charging station and further optimize the user experience.