视网膜胶质细胞与增生性玻璃体视网膜病变形成的关联

Correlation between retinal glial cells and proliferative vitreoretinopathy

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)是视网膜脱离手术的常见并发症,也是致盲的重要原因。除了视网膜色素上皮细胞之外,视网膜胶质细胞也是参与PVR形成及发展的主要细胞。视网膜胶质细胞包括Müller细胞、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞。视网膜胶质细胞不仅能发生活化,改变细胞形态,还能分泌生长因子和细胞因子,合成细胞外基质,参与PVR的形成;并且视网膜胶质细胞分泌的因子及合成的细胞外基质又促进了视网膜胶质细胞的增生,从而加速了PVR病变的发展。此外,非编码RNA可通过视网膜胶质细胞参与PVR的调控。本文就视网膜胶质细胞活化、星形胶质细胞分泌的生长因子、胶质细胞分泌的生长因子及细胞因子、胶质细胞合成的细胞外基质与PVR形成的相互作用及非编码RNA对胶质细胞和PVR的作用进行阐述。

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)is a common complication of retinal detachment surgery,also an important blinding cause.Besides retinal pigment epithelial cells,retinal glial cells also are mainly involved in the formation and development of PVR.Retinal glial cells include Müller cells,astrocytes and microglia.The glial cells not only can be activated to change the morphology of cells,but also secrete growth factors and cytokines,synthesize extracellular matrix,and participate in the formation of PVR.The factors and synthetic extracellular matrix secreted by retinal glial cells promote the proliferation of retinal glial cells,which accelerates the development of PVR.This article described the interaction between the activation of retinal glial cells,astrocytes,growth factors secreted,cytokines secreted,extracellular matrix synthesized by glial cells and PVR formation,and the effect of non-coding RNAs on glial cells and PVR.