3D打印技术在临床治疗及康复医学中的应用研究进展

The advances of 3D printing technology in clinical and rehabilitation medicine

目前世界上存在大量的因疾病或创伤导致的肢体、器官残缺或功能障碍的特殊人群,发病后患者往往无法参与正常日常生活和社会活动,给家庭及社会带来沉重负担。3D打印技术是一种采用数字模型制造三维立体物体的革命性技术,已由最初的建筑、制造业领域延伸至医学领域。随着医工结合的不断深入、打印材料的更新,3D打印技术以其个体化制作、精度复杂度高、快速制备等技术优势,在骨关节疾病、脏器(心脏、肝脏、肺、肾脏)疾病、康复医学等领域展示出广阔的发展前景,为现代临床医学及康复医学提供了一种个体化、精准化治疗的新方法。本文就3D打印技术在临床治疗及康复医学中的应用研究现状进行综述,对该技术在部分医学领域中应用优势及存在的技术限制进行分析,提出了可能的发展趋势,期望为从事3D打印技术临床及康复相关研究的人员提供一定的参考。

At present,there are a large number of populations in the world with limb disability and organ dysfunction caused by disease or trauma.After the onset of the disease,patients are progressively unable to participate in normal daily life and social activities,which brings a heavy burden to the family and society.3 D printing technology is a revolutionary technology that uses digital models to create three-dimensional objects.Its application has extended from the initial construction and manufacturing fields to the medical field.With multidisciplinary medical-industrial integration and novel printing materials,3 D printing technology has been widely used in bone/joint diseases and organ transplants,such as heart,liver,lung and kidney.It represents many technical advantages such as personalized precision and rapid production,showing convincing potentials in rehabilitation medicine and other fields as a novel personalized treatment.This paper reviews the current research advances of 3 D printing technology in clinical and rehabilitation medicine,analyzes its advantages and existing technical limitations in certain medical fields,and proposes its developmental potential,in order to provide references to clinical and rehabilitation-related professionals.