数字熟语中“三”的语义及文化内涵

The Semantic and Cultural Connotation of"Three"in Number Idioms

以数字作为熟语构成要素的语汇称之为数字熟语,其中含“三”的数字熟语独具一格且占据很大的比重。本文以含数字“三”的熟语为研究对象,通过考察《数字熟语词典》的561条含“三”熟语的语义和《中国俗语大辞典》的238条含“三”熟语的语义,分析出“三”在数字熟语中的本义及引申义,并基于隐喻和转喻的理论,进一步总结出数字熟语中“三”的语义生成路径。数字熟语中对“三”的运用蕴含着中国人对数字“三”的特有认知,体现了中国的哲学文化、礼俗文化。

The vocabulary that uses numbers as the constituent elements of idioms is called number idioms,and the idioms of numbers containing"three"are unique and occupy a large proportion.This paper takes the idioms containing the number"three"as the research object,and analyzes the semantics of 442 idioms containing"three"in the"Dictionary of Digital Idioms"and 238 idioms containing"three"in the"Dictionary of Chinese Sayings".The original meaning and extended meaning of"three"in number idioms,and based on the theory of metaphor and metonymy,this paper further summarizes the semantic generation path of"three"in number idioms.The use of"three"in number idioms contains the Chinese people's unique cognition of the number"three",which reflects Chinese philosophical culture,etiquette culture.