叙事实践:文学艺术作品中法律故事的疗愈作用

Narrative Practice:The Healing Function of Legal Stories in Literary Works

叙事疗法是疾病叙事领域的治疗工具,主张用语言“问题外化”,重视“支线故事”,重新建构新的生命故事。文学艺术作品中的法律——特别是讲“法律故事”的文学艺术作品文本是法律与文学艺术研究领域的核心基础,而大多数学者以小说、戏剧为代表的叙事文学来研究文学中的法律。以文学艺术作品中的法律——特别是讲“法律故事”的文学艺术作品文本为研究载体,以叙事疗法作为疾病叙事的治疗工具,以《窦娥冤》《威尼斯商人》《十五贯》三部戏剧作品、《基督山伯爵》《复活》两部小说作品、《肖申克的救赎》《人民的名义》两部影视作品为典型案例,研究文学艺术作品中法律故事文本的治疗作用,发现在叙事治疗实践中,文学艺术作品中的法律故事在叙事语言的外化作用下,从一个“问题故事”再到重新建构新的生命故事,故事中主角的“问题故事”被解构,主角也从悲伤苦难中解脱出来获得了救赎。以文学艺术作品中的法律——特别是讲“法律故事”的文学艺术作品文本作为叙事治疗实践中的行动蓝图,用叙事疗法解构法律故事的实践过程作为认同蓝图,可以描绘出叙事疗愈的蓝图。

Narrative therapy is a powerful therapeutic tool in the field of disease narration.It advocates the use of language to externalize problems,attaching importance to side stories,and constructing new life stories.Law in literature,especially in the literary texts of legal stories,is the core and foundation of the research of law and literature.Most scholars study law in literature with narrative literature represented by novels and dramas.This paper focuses on law in literature and uses narrative therapy as a treatment of disease narration to study the healing function of legal stories in literature.It selects legal stories from seven literary works,including three dramatic works of The Injustice to Dou E,The Merchant of Venice,Fifteen Strings of Cash,two fictions of Le Comte de Monte Cristo,Voskreseniye and two film and television works of The Shawshank Redemption and In the Name of People.It carries out therapeutic practice from the perspective of narrative therapy.In the process of narrative therapy,under the externalization of narrative language,legal stories in classic literature are reconstructed from a problem story to a new life story.The problem story of the protagonist in the story is deconstructed.The protagonist is also freed from the grief and suffering to obtain redemption.In this paper,law in literature,especially the literary texts concerning legal stories,is taken as the action blueprint in the practice of narrative therapy,and the practice of deconstructing legal stories by narrative therapy is taken as the identity blueprint,which presents the prospect ofnarrative healing.