基于北斗的亚太航班安全监视与追踪

Asia-Pacific flight safety surveillance and tracking based on BeiDou

为解决我国运输航空暂无可用的自主可控安全监视系统的问题,利用北斗独特的定位与短报文通信特点,设计和实现了基于北斗的亚太航班安全监视系统,并提出了北斗追踪性能评估方法。首先读取飞机身份模块(Airplane Personality Module,APM)中的飞机注册号,从ARINC429总线获取航班号、航姿、地速、剩余油量等,与北斗定位获取的4D位置信息进行优化组合编码,通过北斗短报文下传至地面;然后经过报文解析、坐标转换、背景地图加载后形成综合飞行态势;最后选取报文数据中的关键数据项,从覆盖范围等5个维度进行追踪性能评估。结果表明,北斗在亚太区域监视覆盖完善,1 min间隔下的短报文通信成功率约为94%,具备独立的航班安全监视与追踪能力。利用北斗能摆脱对国外监视技术的依赖,填补我国航空器在境内外运行时的自主监视空白,极大节省航空公司运营成本。

Since there is no self-controllable safety surveillance means available for civil transportation in China,a flight safety surveillance and tracking system based on BeiDou was designed and implemented for Asia-Pacific flights for the first time,taking advantage of BeiDou unique positioning and short messages communication functions.The corresponding tracking performance evaluation method was also proposed.Firstly,the aircraft registration code was obtained from the Airplane Personality Module(APM),and the flight number,heading,pitch,roll angle,ground speed,remaining fuel,etc.were obtained through ARINC429 bus.All the information was optimized and encoded in downlink short messages,together with longitude,latitude,altitude,and time from BeiDou.After BeiDou short messages decoding,coordinate conversion,and background map loading,a comprehensive flight situation was formed.Finally,key data items in the BeiDou short messages were selected to evaluate the tracking performance from five dimensions,including the coverage range,the success rate of the BeiDou short messages communication,proportion of the BeiDou short messages at different time intervals,the loss rate of the BeiDou short messages at different flight altitudes,regional distribution of the BeiDou short messages missing frequently.Airborne equipment using BeiDou had been installed and applied on 20 aircraft,including 10 Boeing B737 NG aircraft and 10 Airbus A320 s aircraft.By the end of October 2021,20 aircraft had flown for more than 32000 flight hours.And the amount of received BeiDou short messages exceeded 1.86 million.There are flights directly through all provinces,municipalities under the central government,autonomous region,Hong Kong,and Macao except Tibet in China.There are abroad flights to and from Japan,South Korea,Thailand,and Singapore.The results show that BeiDou has a perfect coverage range in the Asia-Pacific region.The success rate of the BeiDou short messages communication at the one-minute interval is about 94%.BeiDou has the abilities of independent flight safety surveillance and tracking.With the help of BeiDou,we can get rid of the dependence on foreign surveillance technology.The gap of independent surveillance of aircraft belonging to China operating at home and abroad is filled,and greatly help the airlines save operational cost.