林希逸与朱熹《老子》观之比较

A Comparison of Views on Laozi Between Xiyi and Zhu Xi

朱熹与林希逸对《老子》的理解存在较大差异。朱熹肯定《老子》中前人所未肯定之“有为”,但其根本目的是要借《老子》中“道”之本源性特征为其理学服务,因而他对《老子》的多数解读,都是以其儒家思想为唯一标准。林希逸则尽可能的尊重《老子》的原意,顺着《老子》的思路促使两家的深度会通。这一点或许为后来心学和气学的大发展奠定了良好的基础。林希逸以“心”把握《老子》的核心思想,带有艾轩学派重内在体认的烙印,但并非是借《老子》为其所用,因而他能够客观的肯定《老子》的价值。朱、林二人有此差异的根本原因是其一外、一内理学路径的不同。

There are great differences in the understanding of Laozi between Zhu Xi and Lin Xiyi(林希逸).Zhu Xi affirmed the"promising"(有为)in Laozi,but his fundamental purpose was to use the original characteristics of"Tao"in Laozi to serve his Neo-Confucianism.Therefore,most of his interpretations of Laoziwere based on his Confucianism.Lin Xiyi respected the original meaning of Laozi as much as possible and promoteed the deep integration of the two schools along the line of Laozi.This may have laid a good foundation for the great development of cardiology and Qiology.Lin Xiyi grasped the core thought of Laozi with"heart"心,which was branded by aixuan school's emphasis on internal recognition,not usingLaoziforhis own purpose,so he objectively affirmed the value of Laozi.The fundamental reason for Zhu Lin's difference is thedifferent paths ofNeo Confucianism.