同轴静电纺美藤果油/聚乙烯醇纳米纤维膜的制备及其性能

Preparation and Properties of Sacha Inchi Oil/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibrous Membrane by Coaxial Electrospinning

目的 提高美藤果油在纤维膜中的负载量,提升其在食品活性包装或生物医药方面的应用潜力。方法 通过同轴静电纺丝技术制备具有核壳结构的美藤果油(Sacha inchi oil,SIO)/聚乙烯醇(Polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)纳米纤维膜。采用单因素实验和正交试验探究PVA的质量分数、施加电压、接收距离和壳层流速等纺丝条件对SIO负载量的影响。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜和傅里叶红外变换光谱表征纳米纤维的形态及性能,测试并分析加入SIO后纤维膜的力学性能、亲水性能和抗氧化活性。结果 通过正交试验得到了纤维膜的最佳纺丝条件,PVA的质量分数为12%,施加电压为22 kV,接收距离为16 cm,核壳流速比为0.1 mL/h∶1.4 mL/h。在此条件下可以成功制备以SIO为核层,以PVA为壳层的具有明显核壳结构的形貌较好、直径分布均匀,SIO负载量为67.79%的纳米纤维膜。SIO的加入使纤维膜的拉伸强度提高了2.51倍,水接触角减小了14.04°,抗氧化活性提高了2.6倍。结论 采用同轴静电纺丝技术成功制备了具有明显核壳结构的纳米纤维及纤维膜,该膜的SIO负载量高,加入SIO后纤维膜的力学性能、亲水性能和抗氧化活性均得到改善。

The work aims to increase the loading capacity of the Sacha inchi oil in the fibrous membrane and improve the application potential of the Sacha inchi oil in food active packaging or biomedicine. The polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/Sacha inchi oil(SIO) nanofibrous membrane with core-shell structure was prepared by coaxial electrospinning technology. Effects of spinning conditions such as PVA concentration, applied voltage, receiving distance and shell flow rate on SIO loading capacity were investigated by single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. The morphology and properties of the nanofiber were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the mechanical, hydrophilic and antioxidant activity of the SIO fibrous membrane after addition of SIO were tested and analyzed. The optimal spinning conditions for the fibrous membrane obtained from the orthogonal experiment were as follows: PVA concentration of 12wt.%, applied voltage of 22 kV, receiving distance of 16 cm, and core-shell flow rate ratio of 0.1 mL/h∶1.4 mL/h. Under these conditions, the nanofibrous membrane having obvious core-shell structure and uniform diameter distribution was successfully prepared, with SIO as the core layer and PVA as the shell layer and the SIO loading capacity of 67.79%. The addition of SIO increased the tensile strength by 2.51 times, reduced the water contact angle by 14.04°, and increased the antioxidant activity by 2.6 times. Core-shell nanofiber and fibrous membranes with high SIO loading capacity are successfully prepared by coaxial electrospinning. The mechanical properties, hydrophilicity and antioxidant activity of the fibrous membranes are improved after addition of SIO.