树状分形结构夹芯板动态冲击特性研究

Dynamic Impact Characteristics of Sandwich Plate with Tree-like Fractal Structure

目的 探究一种新型树状分形结构夹芯板的动态冲击特性。方法 采用Ansys Workbench建立有限元模型,选用真空注型用聚氨酯(PU)弹性体材料制备1阶分形结构夹芯板试样进行动态冲击实验,验证模型可靠性;仿真分析该结构在不同分形阶数(n)下的动态冲击特性,并与常见中空型和三角型夹芯板对比。结果 模型平均误差约为7.25%;相同条件下,2阶TFS模型的比能量吸收(SEA)分别比0阶、1阶的提高了16.71%和0.23%。平均压溃力(FS)分别比0阶、1阶提高了27.76%和11.66%。与中空型夹芯板和三角型夹芯板对比,1阶分形夹芯板动态缓冲特性较优。结论 树状分形结构应用于缓冲包装中,可以表现出优良的吸能效率,为包装设计提供了一种新思路。

The work aims to investigate the dynamic impact characteristics of a new tree-like fractal sandwich plate. A finite element model was established with Ansys Workbench. Vacuum injection with polyurethane(PU) elastomer material was selected to prepare 1st-order fractal structure sandwich plate sample for dynamic impact test and verify the reliability of the model. The dynamic impact characteristics of the structure with different fractal order(n) was simulated and compared with hollow type and triangle type sandwich plates. The results showed that the average error of the model was about 7.25%. Under the same conditions, the specific energy absorption(SEA) of the 2nd-order TFS model was 16.71%and 0.23% higher than that of the 0th-order and 1st-order, respectively. The average crushing force(FS) was 27.76% and 11.66% higher than that of the 0th-order and 1st-order, respectively. In addition, the dynamic cushioning characteristics of 1st-order fractal sandwich plate were better than hollow sandwich plate and triangular sandwich plate. The application of tree-like fractal structure in cushioning packaging can show excellent energy absorption efficiency, which provides a new idea for packaging design.