《护国三宝偈》夏汉藏合璧考释

A Comparative Research on the Gatha Huguo Sanbao Ji of Tangut,Chinese and Tibetan Versions

论文对《护国三宝偈》夏、汉、藏三种文字的文本进行了对勘研究,指出西夏文和汉文九字本当是由藏文同步译出,且翻译时夏、汉两本之间互有参考,西夏文七字本则是在九字本的基础之上缩减而成。按照西夏的度僧考试以语言分科的习惯,论文推测党项、吐蕃童行以党项语念诵该偈的西夏文九字本《守护大千国吉祥颂》,而汉人童行以汉语念诵其相应的汉文九字本《护国三宝偈》。不过,汉文九字本对个别常见藏文词汇的处理出现了失当,给人的感觉是汉译者的翻译或佛学水平可能不是太高。

The paper compares Huguo Sanbao Ji of Tangut,Chinese and Tibetan versions,pointing out that the Tangut and Chinese nine-word versions probably are translated simultaneously from Tibetan version.Meanwhile,the Tangut and Chinese nine-word versions refer to each other when translating,and the Tangut seven-word version should be formd by omitting words of the Tangut nine-word version.In the test for becoming a qualified monk of Western Xia,the Tangut and Tibetan teenagers possibly read the Tangut version of nine-word in Tangut,Shouhu Daqianguo Jixiang Song and the Chinese teenagers read the Chinese version of nine-word in Chinese.The Chinese version of nine-word is of some mistranslation.Perhaps the translator of Chinese version isn't so good in translating or Buddhism.