不同教育程度精神科见习护生人文关怀能力的比较

Comparison of humanistic care skills of psychiatric trainee nursing students with different education levels

目的了解不同教育程度精神科见习护生人文关怀能力现状,比较差异性和分析原因。方法以南京医科大学附属脑科医院精神科见习护生为研究对象,应用护理专业大学生人文关怀能力量表对不同学历层次护生445名进行横断面调查。结果护生人文关怀能力得分率为75.84%,总体处于中等水平,本科见习生与高职、大专见习生均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而高职和大专见习护生无显著性差异(P>0.05)。不同教育程度护生,除健康教育以外,在其他7个维度上均有显著性差异(P<0.05);在科学解决健康问题、促进感情交流、帮助解除困难三个维度中本科护生列为第一,分值最高,但其他5个维度均列在最后一位,分值最低;多个样本均数两两比较,显示除健康教育维度外,其他7个维度,均显示有显著性差异(P<0.05),灌输信念和希望、人道利他价值观、协助满足基本需求、提供良好环境四个维度本科均明显低于高职和大专,而科学解决健康问题、促进情感交流和帮助解除困难方面三个维度中,本科得分明显高于高职和大专,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同学历护生的人文关怀能力存在差异,护理教育者应结合其学历背景,家庭背景、成长过程制定个性化培养计划。

Objective:To understand the current situation of humanistic care ability of psychiatric trainee nursing students at different educational levels,compare variability and analyze causes.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 445 nursing students of different academic levels by applying the humanistic care competence scale for college students in nursing to the psychiatric trainee nursing students of the Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.Results:The humanistic care competence score rate of nursing students was 75.84%,which was generally at the middle level,and there were significant differences between undergraduate trainees and senior and college trainees(P<0.05),while senior and college trainee nursing students were not significantly different(P>0.05).There were significant differences among nursing students with different education levels in all seven dimensions except health education(P<0.05);undergraduate nursing students were ranked first with the highest scores in three dimensions of scientific solution to health problems,promotion of emotional communication,and helping to relieve difficulties,but the other five dimensions were ranked the last place with the lowest scores.In addition to the health education dimension,the other seven dimensions showed significant differences(P<0.05).The four dimensions of instilling beliefs and hopes,humane and altruistic values,helping to meet basic needs,and providing a good environment were all significantly lower in the undergraduate degree than in the senior and junior college,while the three dimensions of scientific solutions to health problems,promoting emotional communication,and helping to relieve difficulties were significantly higher in the undergraduate degree than in the senior and junior college,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusions:There are differences in the humanistic care ability of nursing students with different academic qualifications.Nursing educators should formulate individualized training plans based on their academic background,family background and growth process.