荷兰高等职业教育“灵活计划”制度建设及其实现路径研究

Research on the Institutional Enactment and Practice Path of the "Pilot Flexibility" in Dutch Higher Vocational Education

荷兰的“灵活计划”专为满足不同学生群体需求而设计,旨在吸引更多潜在劳动者积极参与且更容易获得高等职业教育以提升技能水平,向其高质量的经济社会发展提供大规模高技能人力支撑。这也是荷兰高等职业教育从效率主义走向以人为本的具体表现。该计划通过完善政策法规、明确规范路径、建立需求驱动资助机制,扫除了多样化教育设计和选择的制度障碍。而高等职业教育机构在顶层设计的制度框架下通过自主探索,采取全局愿景和实践驱动结合模式,拓展灵活教育的广度和深度;基于角色定位制定学习路径,提升教育供给与学生需求的匹配度;建立标准化程序促进灵活性,增强灵活教育的系统化运行;提升组织支持意愿,形成灵活教育发展共同体,有效地提升了学生参与率。

The "Pilot flexibility" is designed to meet the needs of different student groups,aiming to attract more potential workers to actively participate in and more easily obtain higher vocational education to improve their skills,to provide large-scale and highly skilled talents for high-quality economic and social development in the Netherlands.This is also the specific manifestation of the Dutch higher vocational education from efficiency to people-oriented.The pilot has removed the institutional barriers of diversified educational design and selection by improving policies and regulations,defining standardized paths,and establishing a demand driven funding mechanism.Through independent exploration on the institutional framework designed at the top level,higher vocational education institutions adopt a combination of global vision and practice driven mode to expand the breadth and depth of flexible;develop learning paths based on role positioning to improve the matching degree between education supply and student demand;establish standardized procedures to promote flexibility and strengthen the systematic operation of flexible education;improve the willingness of organizations to support,forming flexible education development community,and effectively improve the student participation rate.