气候智慧型农业研究:热点、趋势和展望

Climate-smart agriculture research:hotspots,trends,and prospects

气候智慧型农业(climate-smart agriculture,CSA)作为应对气候变化和粮食安全双挑战的高潜力农业系统解决方案,一经提出就受到了国际各界的高度重视,而中国的CSA研究项目进展缓慢,且尚未引起学术界的广泛关注。本研究借助CiteSpace(5.8.R3)软件,选取Web of Science核心数据集,对2010—2021年的国际CSA研究文献进行分析,梳理了国外研究热点与趋势变化,并提出新的展望思考,为我国CSA发展提供理论和实践支撑。研究结果表明:1)CSA已形成多维度平衡农业与气候变化的完整概念框架;2)CSA与可持续集约化、智慧农业、保护性农业等研究交织融合发展,研究热点围绕着生产力、适应、缓解这“3个支柱”展开;3)CSA研究趋势有泛化倾向,表现在研究区域转向发展中国家,研究对象注重多目标,研究内容涉及多领域。最后,对CSA的未来研究趋势进行展望,将更关注其内涵探索、实施框架制定、脆弱群体需求、跨学科合作和农业转型等方面。此外,本文强调,CSA作为应对气候变化的农业发展新模式,其理论框架和实践技术对中国农业转型具有理论和实践的双重意义,其在中国的应用与适应发展是一个亟待开拓探究和富有挑战的领域。

Climate-smart agriculture(CSA),a high-potential agricultural system solution to the dual challenges of climate change and food security,received great attention from researchers worldwide as soon as it was proposed.However,the progress of CSA research projects in China is slow and has not attracted widespread attention from the academic community.Using the CiteSpace(5.8.R3)software,this study selected the core data set of the Web of Science to analyze the international CSA research literatures from2010 to 2021,sorted out foreign research hotspots and trends,and put forward new outlooks to provide theoretical and practical support for the development of CSA in China.The research results were as follows:1)CSA had formed a complete conceptual framework for balancing agriculture and climate change in multiple dimensions.2)CSA and sustainable intensification,smart agriculture(smart farming),conservation agriculture,and other researches were intertwined and developed,and research hotspots revolved around“three pillars”:productivity,adaptation,and mitigation.3)The trend of CSA research tended to be generalized,and the research areas covered developing countries,research objects focused on multiple goals,and research content covered multiple fields.Finally,according to future research trends,CSA was predicted to pay more attention to its connotation exploration,implementation framework formulation,vulnerable group needs,interdisciplinary cooperation,and agricultural transformation.In addition,this study emphasizes that as a new model of agricultural development in response to climate change,the theoretical framework and practical technologies of CSA have both theoretical and practical significance for agricultural transformation in China,and its application and adaptive development in China is an area that needs to be urgently investigated.