X射线像素探测器研究进展

Research advances on X-ray pixel detectors

X射线像素探测器是先进光源线站的关键探测器.因其技术门槛高、学科交叉强、系统复杂度高等特点,该领域的国内研究长期空白,产品一直被国外垄断.为突破困境,魏微及其团队通过长期研究取得两个阶段的关键成果:实现国内同步辐射高端探测器零的突破,并由“跟跑”初步实现与国际研究“并跑”.团队依托高能光源预研,突破像素读出芯片自主设计,联合研发传感器、先进封装关键技术,完成国内首台硅像素探测器样机研制,性能达到国际先进水平并通过国家验收,用户已获成果产出,基本解决了像素探测器“卡脖子”问题.团队进一步瞄准国际前沿,研制小像素单元探测器,填补了国内空白,空间分辨追平国际最好水平;探索并实现同步辐射四维探测新模式;完成顶点探测器、自由电子激光等大科学装置的一系列原型芯片研制.

Advanced light sources,represented by synchrotron radiation facilities,are important platforms for multi-discipline research.Several large-scale scientific facilities are under construction or being scheduled,including the High Energy Photon Source(HEPS),Shanghai high repetition rate XFEL and extreme light facility(SHINE),Hefei Light Source,and so on.This shows that they are the strategic directions from the national demands.However,detector technologies of the light source beamlines became the bottleneck problem for a long time.Among them,the X-ray pixel detector is a typical representative.Unfortunately,systematic studies were fully blank in this field in China before,and products were totally foreign-monopolized.To break through the dilemma,Wei Wei and his team made pioneer studies in the X-ray pixel detector field in China,and achieved two stages of key results through long-term research.(1)Realized the breakthrough and filled in the blanks in the field of high-end detectors for synchrotron radiation:Brought out the first domestic silicon pixel detector prototype machine,while the performance of the full system reached the level of advanced international products;the sub-project successfully passed the national acceptance inspection of HEPS-TF(High Energy Photon SourceTest Facility);the detector has been delivered for customer applications,while customers’achievements have already begun to emerge.During the development work,key techniques of pixel detectors have been broken through,especially the techniques of pixel IC chips,sensors,and advanced packaging.Meanwhile,key technology localization has also been achieved and various innovations have been made.This proved the work generally solved the problem of“being strangled”in the field of pixel detectors.(2)Aiming at the international frontier:Led the development of the fine pitch pixel detector.Its spatial resolution reached the same level as the state-of-the-art research of the world,and filled in the blanks in the domestic field;Wei Wei proposed a novel 4-D detection mode and implemented it in the field of synchrotron radiation for the first time;a series of prototype chips were successfully developed for large-scale scientific facilities including vertex detectors for particle physics experiments,free-electron lasers,and so on.The work preliminarily realized“paralleling”with international studies while promoted from“pursuing”.The breakthrough of those key technologies can make beamlines in future light sources capable to realize customized detector design.Therefore,the restrictions from foreign products can be freed and a large number of national funds can be saved.Moreover,it also makes it possible to promote the beamline capabilities,or even explore brand new experimental methodologies to realize original innovations.