中国经验与中国特色经济社会学:标识性概念与关键议题

Chinese Experience and Economic Sociology with Chinese Characteristics:Iconic Concepts and Key Issues

纵观中国经济社会学40多年的发展历程,社会学者立足中国经验,坚持调查研究与理论建构相结合,既借鉴吸收西方理论,又拒绝照抄照搬,提出了“另一只看不见的手”“关系社会学”“关系产权”“工人阶级再形成”“三位一体的城镇化”“锦标赛体制”等一系列标识性概念,从宏观、中观和微观三个层面推进了中国特色经济社会学的构建,展现了对西方经济社会学的补充、推进或超越。在总结中国经济社会学若干标识性概念和关键议题的基础上,可以发现,国家、家庭和“关系”是中国社会的三种“元制度”。它们对经济行为、经济运行、经济模式和社会其他领域存在广泛影响和深度形塑,是中国社会区别于西方社会的关键变量,是中国式现代化和中国特色社会学的底层逻辑和现实根基。

Throughout the development of Chinese economic sociology over the past fortyplus years,Chinese sociologists have been rooted in China’s experience,learned from Western theories but refused to copy them,and have creatively constructed a series of iconic concepts such as“another invisible hand,”“guanxi sociology,”“property rights as a relational concept,”“the re-formation of the working class,”“the trinity of urbanization” and “the tournament system.” These have promoted the construction of economic sociology with Chinese characteristics at the macro,meso,and micro levels,demonstrating the supplementation,promotion or transcendence of Western economic sociology by Chinese sociologists.Reviewing the iconic concepts and key issues of Chinese economic sociology,we find that the three“metainstitutions”of Chinese society,the state,family and guanxi,extensively influence and shape economic behavior,economic operations,economic models and other areas of society.The three meta-institutions are the key variables that distinguish Chinese society from Western society,and furnish the underlying logic and empirical foundation of Chinese modernization and sociology with Chinese characteristics.