广西山苍子油提取工艺及成分分析

Extraction and Composition Analysis of Litsea cubeba Oil of Guangxi

以广西灌阳县野生山苍子果为原料,通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取山苍子果中的挥发油成分,考察提取温度、颗粒尺寸、料液比及提取时间对提取率的影响,并对所得山苍子油进行气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析。结果表明,山苍子油最优提取工艺为提取温度160℃、筛孔尺寸0.425 mm、料剂比1︰10 g/mL、提取时间6 h。在此条件下,山苍子油提取率为8.25%。广西桂林灌阳县产山苍子油的主要成分为柠檬醛(57.85%),其次是正癸酸(8.62%)、芳樟醇(7.13%)、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮(3.39%)、(+)-柠檬烯(2.72%)、月桂酸(2.39%)及石竹素(2.08%),与其他产地的山苍子相比,广西桂林灌阳县产山苍子油的正癸酸与芳樟醇含量较高。试验结果可为广西山苍子油的提取和开发提供一定理论依据。

The steam distillation technology was used to extract the volatile oil components in the nucleolus of Litsea cubeba from Guanyang County,Guangxi.The effects of extraction temperature,nucleolar particle size,solid-liquid ratio and extraction time on the extraction rate were investigated.The main composition of the nucleolus oil was analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that the optimal extraction process of nucleolus oil was as follows:the extraction temperature of 160℃,the particle size of 0.425 mm,the ratio of material to agent of 1︰10 g/mL,and the extraction time of 6 h.Under this condition,the extraction rate of the nucleolus oil was 8.25%.The GC-MS result showed that the main components of the nucleolus oil were citral(57.85%),followed by n-decanoic acid(8.62%),linalool(7.13%),6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one(3.39%),(+)-limonene(2.72%),lauric acid(2.39%)and caryophyllin(2.08%).Compared with the volatile oil components in the Litsea cubeba from other origins,Litsea cubeba nucleolus oil from Guanyang County(Guilin Guangxi)was higher in n-decanoic acid and linalool.The results can provide a certain theoretical basis for the extraction and development of Guangxi Litsea cubeba oil.